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  2. Trial balance - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trial_balance

    Normal Balances refer to whether the balance for an account in a properly-formed trial balance is usually a debt or a credit. A normal balance also reflects the accounting equation. If a trial balance for an account is reversed, such an account is called a "contra-account" (e.g. accumulated depreciation as an asset or owners drawings as equity ...

  3. Chart of accounts - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chart_of_accounts

    Liability accounts are used to recognize liabilities. A liability is a present obligation of an entity to transfer an economic benefit (CF E37). Common examples of liability accounts include accounts payable, deferred revenue, bank loans, bonds payable and lease obligations. Equity accounts are used to recognize ownership equity. The terms ...

  4. Tax returns in the United States - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tax_returns_in_the_United...

    Tax returns, in the more narrow sense, are reports of tax liabilities and payments, often including financial information used to compute the tax. A very common federal tax form is IRS Form 1040 . A tax return provides information so that the taxation authority can check on the taxpayer's calculations, or can determine the amount of tax owed if ...

  5. Debits and credits - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Debits_and_credits

    Each of the following accounts is either an Asset (A), Contra Account (CA), Liability (L), Shareholders' Equity (SE), Revenue (Rev), Expense (Exp) or Dividend (Div) account. Account transactions can be recorded as a debit to one account and a credit to another account using the modern or traditional approaches in accounting and following are ...

  6. Revenue recognition - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Revenue_recognition

    When payment is eventually received, the accrued revenue account is adjusted or removed, and the cash account is increased. Deferred revenue is a liability that represents the future obligation of a deliverer to deliver goods and services, even though the deliverer has already been paid in advance. When the delivery occurs, the deferred revenue ...

  7. Expense account - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expense_account

    An expense account is the right to reimbursement of money spent by employees for work-related purposes. [1] Some common expense accounts are Cost of sales, utilities expense, discount allowed, cleaning expense, depreciation expense, delivery expense, income tax expense, insurance expense, interest expense, advertising expense, promotion expense, repairs expense, maintenance expense, rent ...

  8. Income statement - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Income_statement

    Sankey Diagram - Income Statement (by Adrián Chiogna) An income statement or profit and loss account [1] (also referred to as a profit and loss statement (P&L), statement of profit or loss, revenue statement, statement of financial performance, earnings statement, statement of earnings, operating statement, or statement of operations) [2] is one of the financial statements of a company and ...

  9. Retained earnings - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retained_earnings

    The amount added to retained earnings is generally the after tax net income. In most cases in most jurisdictions no tax is payable on the accumulated earnings retained by a company. However, this creates a potential for tax avoidance, because the corporate tax rate is usually lower than the higher marginal rates for some individual taxpayers ...