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STS-7 began on June 18, 1983, with an on-time liftoff at 7:33:00 a.m. EDT. It was the first spaceflight of an American woman (Ride), the largest crew to fly in a single spacecraft up to that time (five people), and the first flight that included members of NASA's Group 8 astronaut class, which had been selected in 1978 to fly the Space Shuttle.
STS-61-A in 1985 is the only flight to have both launched and landed with a crew of eight, and STS-71 in 1995 is the only other flight to have landed with a crew of eight. 1977 [ edit ]
The codes were adopted from STS-41-B through STS-51-L (although the highest code used was actually STS-61-C), and the sequential numbers were used internally at NASA on all processing paperwork. After the Challenger disaster , NASA returned to using a sequential numbering system, with the number counting from the beginning of the STS program.
The first fully functional orbiter was Columbia (designated OV-102), built in Palmdale, California. It was delivered to Kennedy Space Center (KSC) on March 25, 1979, and was first launched on April 12, 1981—the 20th anniversary of Yuri Gagarin's space flight—with a crew of two.
STS-6 and STS-7 used SRBs 2,300 kg (5,000 lb) lighter due to walls that were 0.10 mm (.004 in) thinner, but were determined to be too thin to fly safely. Subsequent flights until STS-26 used cases that were 0.076 mm (.003 in) thinner than the standard-weight cases, which reduced 1,800 kg (4,000 lb).
Person to accumulate 1 year in space Leonid Kizim: Soyuz T-3. Soyuz T-15 visiting Mir and Salyut 7. USSR 28 June 1986 Complete crew exchange at a space station Vladimir Titov, Musa Manarov replace Yuri Romanenko, Alexander Alexandrov: Soyuz TM-4-Soyuz TM-2, Soyuz TM-3, at Mir: USSR 21 December 1987 – 29 December 1987 People in orbit 52 weeks ...
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Freedom 7 [5] [6] 3: Virgil Grissom United States: 21 July 1961: Liberty Bell 7 [7] [8] 4: Gherman Titov Soviet Union: 6 August 1961: Vostok 2 [9] 5: John Glenn United States: 20 February 1962: Friendship 7 [10] [11] 6: Scott Carpenter United States: 24 May 1962: Aurora 7 [12] 7: Andriyan Nikolayev Soviet Union: 11 August 1962: Vostok 3 [13 ...