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Intravitreal injections are already commonly used for administering drugs like anti-VEGF agents, making the procedure familiar to clinicians and safer for patients. The eye's immune-privileged status reduces the likelihood of immune responses to the viral vector, increasing the therapy's safety profile.
Anti–vascular endothelial growth factor therapy, also known as anti-VEGF (/ v ɛ dʒ ˈ ɛ f /) therapy or medication, is the use of medications that block vascular endothelial growth factor. This is done in the treatment of certain cancers and in age-related macular degeneration .
At the end of the year, on December 17, the first intravitreal anti-VEGF drug pegaptanib (Macugen) was also licensed by FDA for treatment of wet age-related macular degeneration (wet AMD). [2] [9] Intravitreal injection has then become more common and a surge in the number of injections performed could be seen. [10]
Ixoberogene soroparvovec (Ixo-vec) is an investigational intravitreal gene therapy treatment targeting wet age-related macular degeneration (AMD) that aims to reduce the treatment burden by decreasing the frequency of anti-VEGF injections. [9]
In 2008, over 1 million intravitreal injections were performed. This doubled to 2 million just 3 years later in 2011 when another anti-VEGF intravitreal injection aflibercept became available for the treatment of wet AMD. [2] Intravitreal injections hit an all-time high in 2016 reaching over 5.9 million injections in the US. [1]
Hence, VEGF is a potential target for the treatment of cancer. The first anti-VEGF drug, a monoclonal antibody named bevacizumab, was approved in 2004. Approximately 10–15% of patients benefit from bevacizumab therapy; however, biomarkers for bevacizumab efficacy are not yet known.
Pegaptanib is a pegylated anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) aptamer, a single strand of nucleic acid that binds with specificity to a particular target. . Pegaptanib specifically binds to the 165 isoform of VEGF, a protein that plays a critical role in angiogenesis (the formation of new blood vessels) and increased permeability (leakage from blood vessels), two of the primary ...
Faricimab is a 150kDa-sized bispecific antibody whose molecular structure allows a high affinity bond to both vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) and Angiopoietin (Ang-2). [9] By blocking the action of these two growth factors, faricimab decreases migration and replication of endothelial cells allowing for stabilization of vascular ...
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