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"The oldest surviving vernacular literature is in the Dravidian language, Tamil, which includes works possible as old as the first century of the Christian Era. The best known classical Tamil work is the Kural ('Aphoristic Stanzas') by the weaver Thiruvalluvar, who lived sometime between the first and fifth centuries of the Christian Era." [8]
Thus, no translation can perfectly reflect the true nature of any given couplet of the Kural unless read and understood in its original Tamil form. [18] Added to this inherent difficulty is the attempt by some scholars to either read their own ideas into the Kural couplets or deliberately misinterpret the message to make it conform to their ...
Transcendence: My Spiritual Experiences with Pramukh Swamiji (June 2015) [1] is a book written by A. P. J. Abdul Kalam, the 11th President of India and a pioneering scientist. Co-authored by Professor Arun Tiwari and published by HarperCollins India , the book describes Kalam's spiritual experiences with and reflections on Pramukh Swami Maharaj ...
The Tamil Nadu state government announced that his birthday, 15 October, would be observed across the state as "Youth Renaissance Day;" the state government further instituted the "Dr. A. P. J. Abdul Kalam Award", constituting an 8-gram gold medal, a certificate and ₹ 500,000 (US$5,900). The award will be awarded annually on Independence Day ...
Provision of Urban Amenities to Rural Areas (PURA) is a strategy for rural development in India. This concept was given by former president Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam and discussed in his book Target 3 Billion which he co-authored with Srijan Pal Singh. The genesis of PURA can be traced to the work done by Nimbkar Agricultural Research Institute in the early 1990s on Taluka energy self-sufficiency ...
His name Kaniyan implies that he was an Kaala Kanithar (kaala kanitham in Tamil literally means mathematics of date, time and place). Kaniyan was born and brought up in Mahibalanpatti, a village panchayat in Tamil Nadu's Sivaganga district. He composed two poems in Purananuru and Natrinai.
Kalam was born on 15 October 1931 to a Tamil Muslim family in Rameswaram, Tamil Nadu. His father Jainulabdeen was a boat owner and imam of a local mosque; his mother Ashiamma was a housewife. [1] By his early childhood, Kalam's family had become poor; at an early age, he sold newspapers to supplement his family's income. [2] File:A.P.J.Abdul ...
Kalam felt overjoyed to see an Indian glorified in NASA as a hero of rocketry warfare. His association with the Satellite Launch Vehicle and related projects are vividly presented in the section 'Creation'. During the period covered under 'Creation', Kalam, in the year 1976, lost his father who lived up to 102 years of age.