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The Blessed Martyrs of Nowogródek, the Eleven Nuns of Nowogródek or Blessed Mary Stella and her Ten Companions, were a group of Sisters of the Holy Family of Nazareth executed by the Gestapo in August 1943 in occupied Poland (present-day Novogrudok, Belarus). They were beatified as martyrs by Pope John Paul II on 5 March 2000. [2]
As of 1931, there were 1055 residential buildings in the city, 2 catholic churches, 2 orthodox churches, 3 synagogues, and a mosque; in addition to the Belarusian one, there was a polish gymnasium. In addition, there were 2 hospitals, 7 hotels, and 2 printing houses. City in old photos:
Nowogródek Voivodeship (Polish: województwo nowogródzkie; Latin: Palatinatus Novogrodensis; Lithuanian: Naugarduko vaivadija; Belarusian: Наваградзкае ваяводзтва) was a voivodeship of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania from 1507 to 1795, with the capital in the town of Nowogródek (now Novogrudok, Belarus).
Nowogródek Voivodeship consisted of 8 cities, 8 powiats subdivided further into futory and kolonie, and 89 villages. The Polish census of 1921 data reveals that the voivodeship was inhabited by 800,761 people, and the population density was 35.3 persons per km 2.
Before World War II, the Bielski family had been millers and grocers [3] in Stankiewicze (Stankievichy), near Novogrudok, an area that at the outbreak of the war belonged to Poland and in September 1939 was occupied by the Soviet Union (cf. Polish September Campaign and Soviet invasion of Poland (1939)) in accord with the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact between Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union.
The history of the gord of Nowogród dates back to the 9th century, as archaeologists found several objects, such as axes and tools, which date back to that period. Some time probably in the 12th century, the gord was moved on the high bank of the Narew, and at that time it was probably named Nowogrod.
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In 1929 it was given to the Sisters of the Holy Family of Nazareth. During the World War II the city was occupied by the Nazis. The sisterhood organized a clandestine school for Polish children with lessons on history and Polish language. On August 1, 1943, the Gestapo executed 11 nuns and the school’s principal.