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[12] In 2014, South Africa experienced its worst year against the US dollar since 2009, [13] and in March 2015, the rand traded at its worst since 2002. [13] At the time, Trading Economics released data that the rand "averaged R4.97 to the dollar between 1972–2015, reaching an all time high of R12.45 in December 2001 and a record low of R0.67 ...
As of 30 August 2019, one British pound sterling was equal to approximately 883.43 kwachas, one US dollar was equal to 725.16 kwachas and one South African rand was equal to 47.69 kwachas. As of 30 August 2019 [update] one Euro is equivalent to 797.42 Kwachas.
The return on equity (ROE) is a measure of the profitability of a business in relation to its equity; [1] where: . ROE = Net Income / Average Shareholders' Equity [1] Thus, ROE is equal to a fiscal year's net income (after preferred stock dividends, before common stock dividends), divided by total equity (excluding preferred shares), expressed as a percentage.
African currency was originally formed from basic items, materials, animals and even people available in the locality to create a medium of exchange.This started to change from the 17th century onwards, as European colonial powers introduced their own monetary system into the countries they invaded.
Return on tangible equity (ROTE) (also return on average tangible common shareholders' equity (ROTCE)) measures the rate of return on the tangible common equity.. ROTE is computed by dividing net earnings (or annualized net earnings for annualized ROTE) applicable to common shareholders by average monthly tangible common shareholders' equity. [1]
The Zambian kwacha is the official currency of Zambia.
Currency ISO 4217 code Symbol or Abbrev. [2]Proportion of daily volume Change (2019–2022) April 2019 April 2022 U.S. dollar: USD $, US$ 88.3%: 88.5%: 0.2pp Euro
1 ⁄ 2 c, 1 c and 5 c coins issued between 1961 and 1964 1 R and 2 R coin issued from 1961 to 1983. The rand was introduced in the then Union of South Africa on 14 February 1961, shortly before the establishment of the Republic on 31 May 1961.