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Even though the terms are synonymous, "bicuspid" refers to having two functional cusps, and the mandibular second premolar is an example of a premolar with three functional cusps. Thus, "biscupid" is technically not as accurate as "premolar". In the universal system of notation, the permanent mandibular premolars are designated by a number. The ...
Mandibular second premolars have three cusps. There is one large cusp on the buccal side of the tooth. The lingual cusps are well developed and functional, which means the cusps assist during chewing. Therefore, whereas the mandibular first premolar resembles a small canine, the mandibular second premolar is more like the first molar.
The mandibular teeth are the mandibular central incisors (24 and 25), mandibular lateral incisors (23 and 26), mandibular canines (22 and 27), mandibular first premolars (21 and 28), mandibular second premolars (20 and 29), mandibular first molars (19 and 30), mandibular second molars (18 and 31), and mandibular third molars (17 and 32).
Despite being named molars, the deciduous molars are followed by permanent premolars. In the universal system of notation, the deciduous mandibular second molars are designated by a letter written in uppercase. The right deciduous mandibular second molar is known as "T", and the left one is known as "K".
The removal of only the maxillary first premolars is the second likeliest option, in 14.5% of cases. [10] The practice of premolar extraction developed in the 1940s in the United States, and was initially greatly contested in the orthodontic field, due to the changes to the facial structure caused by the retraction of the arches.
In human anatomy, the mandibular canal is a canal within the mandible that contains the inferior alveolar nerve, inferior alveolar artery, and inferior alveolar vein. It runs obliquely downward and forward in the ramus , and then horizontally forward in the body, where it is placed under the alveoli and communicates with them by small openings.
The mental foramen descends slightly in toothless individuals. [2]The mental foramen is in line with the longitudinal axis of the 2nd premolar in 63% of people. [3] It generally lies at the level of the vestibular fornix and about a finger's breadth above the inferior border of the mandible.
The incisive nerve provides innervation to the mandibular first premolar, canine and lateral and central incisors. [2] The incisive nerve either terminates as nerve endings within the anterior teeth or adjacent bone, or may join nerve endings that enter through the tiny lingual foramen. [citation needed]