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A431 cells were established from an epidermoid carcinoma in the skin of an 85- year-old female patient. Epidermal growth factor (EGF) stimulation of A431 cells induces rapid tyrosine phosphorylation of intracellular signaling proteins which control cellular processes such as growth, proliferation and apoptosis.
Cell-free production of proteins is performed in vitro using purified RNA polymerase, ribosomes, tRNA and ribonucleotides. These reagents may be produced by extraction from cells or from a cell-based expression system. Due to the low expression levels and high cost of cell-free systems, cell-based systems are more widely used. [29]
These downstream signaling proteins initiate several signal transduction cascades, principally the MAPK, Akt and JNK pathways, leading to DNA synthesis and cell proliferation. [12] Such proteins modulate phenotypes such as cell migration, adhesion, and proliferation. Activation of the receptor is important for the innate immune response in ...
When AIRE is defective, T cells that recognize antigens normally produced by the body can exit the thymus and enter circulation. This can result in a variety of autoimmune diseases . The gene was first reported by two independent research groups Aaltonen et al. and Nagamine et al. in 1997 who were able to isolate and clone the gene from human ...
Activity-regulated cytoskeleton-associated protein is a plasticity protein that in humans is encoded by the ARC gene. The gene is believed to derive from a retrotransposon . [ 5 ] The protein is found in the neurons of tetrapods and other animals where it can form virus-like capsids that transport RNA between neurons.
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the interleukin-1 cytokine family. This gene and eight other interleukin-1 family genes form a cytokine gene cluster on chromosome 2. [ 11 ] The activity of this cytokine is mediated via the interleukin-1 receptor-like 2 ( IL1RL2 /IL1R-rp2/IL-36 receptor), and is specifically inhibited by ...
•List of human protein-coding genes page 4 covers genes SLC17A8–ZZZ3 NB: Each list page contains 5000 human protein-coding genes, sorted alphanumerically by the HGNC-approved gene symbol. Follow the Python code link for information about updates to the list of genes on these pages.
374 11839 Ensembl ENSG00000109321 ENSMUSG00000029378 UniProt P15514 P31955 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_001657 NM_009704 RefSeq (protein) NP_001648 NP_033834 Location (UCSC) Chr 4: 74.45 – 74.46 Mb Chr 5: 91.29 – 91.3 Mb PubMed search Wikidata View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse Amphiregulin, also known as AREG, is a protein synthesized as a transmembrane glycoprotein with 252 aminoacids and it is encoded ...