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Demineralized bone matrix (DBM) is allograft bone that has had the inorganic mineral removed, leaving behind the organic "collagen" matrix.It was first discovered by Marshall Urist in 1965 that the removal of the bone mineral exposes more biologically active bone morphogenetic proteins. [1]
Bone canaliculi are microscopic canals between the lacunae of ossified bone.The radiating processes of the osteocytes (called filopodia) project into these canals. These cytoplasmic processes are joined together by gap junctions.
Mesenchymal stem cells within mesenchyme or the medullary cavity of a bone fracture initiate the process of intramembranous ossification. A mesenchymal stem cell, or MSC, is an unspecialized cell that can develop into an osteoblast.
The irregular bones are bones which, from their peculiar form, cannot be grouped as long, short, flat or sesamoid bones.Irregular bones serve various purposes in the body, such as protection of nervous tissue (such as the vertebrae protect the spinal cord), affording multiple anchor points for skeletal muscle attachment (as with the sacrum), and maintaining pharynx and trachea support, and ...
A synchondrosis (or primary cartilaginous joint) is a type of cartilaginous joint where hyaline cartilage completely joins together two bones. [1] Synchondroses are different from symphyses (secondary cartilaginous joints), which are formed of fibrocartilage, and from synostosis (ossified junctions), which is the fusion of two or more bones.
Each vertebra (pl.: vertebrae) is an irregular bone with a complex structure composed of bone and some hyaline cartilage, that make up the vertebral column or spine, of vertebrates.
A synovial sarcoma (also known as malignant synovioma [1]) is a rare form of cancer which occurs primarily in the extremities of the arms or legs, often in proximity to joint capsules and tendon sheaths. [2]
In anatomy, a sesamoid bone (/ ˈ s ɛ s əm ɔɪ d /) [1] [2] is a bone embedded within a tendon or a muscle. [3] Its name is derived from the Greek word for 'sesame seed', indicating the small size of most sesamoids.