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The main advantage of 60 Co is that it is a high-intensity gamma-ray emitter with a relatively long half-life, 5.27 years, compared to other gamma ray sources of similar intensity. The β-decay energy is low and easily shielded; however, the gamma-ray emission lines have energies around 1.3 MeV, and are highly penetrating.
Gamma ray reduction techniques are especially useful for small lithium-doped germanium (Ge(Li)) detectors. Figure 2: Sodium iodide gamma spectrum of cobalt-60 (60 Co); see also a different measurement. The gamma spectrum shown in Figure 2 is of the cobalt isotope 60 Co, with two gamma rays with 1.17 MeV and 1.33 MeV respectively.
Deutsch: Gamma spectrum of 60Co, observed with a germanium detector. x-axis gauged to energy. Русский: Гамма-спектр кобальта-60 измеренный германиевым детектором
Radioactive decay scheme of 60 Co Gamma emission spectrum of cobalt-60. One example of gamma ray production due to radionuclide decay is the decay scheme for cobalt-60, as illustrated in the accompanying diagram. First, 60 Co decays to excited 60 Ni by beta decay emission of an electron of 0.31 MeV. Then the excited 60 Ni
Decay scheme of 60 Co. These relations can be quite complicated; a simple case is shown here: the decay scheme of the radioactive cobalt isotope cobalt-60. [1] 60 Co decays by emitting an electron with a half-life of 5.272 years into an excited state of 60 Ni, which then decays very fast to the ground state of 60 Ni, via two gamma decays.
Cobalt-60 (60 Co or Co-60) is used in radiotherapy. It produces two gamma rays with energies of 1.17 MeV and 1.33 MeV. The 60 Co source is about 2 cm in diameter and as a result produces a geometric penumbra, making the edge of the radiation field fuzzy. The metal has the unfortunate habit of producing fine dust, causing problems with radiation ...
A rare but notable gamma source is sodium-24; this has a fairly short half-life of 15 hours, but it emits photons with very high energies (>2 MeV). It could be used for radiography of thick steel objects if the radiography occurred close to the point of production. Similarly to 60 Co and 192 Ir
Spectrum of 60 Co; peaks at 1.17 and 1.33 MeV. A gamma-ray spectrometer (GRS) is an instrument for measuring the distribution (or spectrum—see figure) of the intensity of gamma radiation versus the energy of each photon.