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At the beginning of the 20th century, Russia played a key role in establishing Mongolia's independence from China. [1] To honor this contribution, the Order of the Vajra (translated as the “Order of the Precious Rod”) was created for Mongolian nobility and foreigners, the latter were almost exclusively Russians. [1]
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The vajra and bell are used in many rites by a lama or any Vajrayana practitioner of sadhana. The vajra is a male polysemic symbol that represents many things for the tantrika. The vajra is representative of upaya (skilful means) whereas its companion tool, the bell which is a female symbol, denotes prajna (wisdom). [19]
A map of Dzungaria, brought to Sweden by Johan Gustaf Renat. Mongolian manuscript maps usually mapped administrative divisions (leagues, banners or aimags) of Mongolia during the Qing dynasty. They gave a bird's eye view of the area depicted, making them somewhat similar to pictorial maps. Such manuscript maps have been used for official ...
The Yuanshi and the Karakorum Sino-Mongolian Inscription of 1342 both state that Genghis Khan established his capital in Karakorum in 1220 and that Ogedei Khan later built a wall around the entire city in 1236. Some remnants of the smaller old wall may have already existed during Genghis Khan's time and his palace would have been stationed on ...
In China, Vajrapāni, known as the "vajra-holding god" (執金剛神 Zhíjīngāng shén), is widely venerated in his dual manifestation as the "vajra warriors" (金剛力士 Jīngāng Lìshì) or "Benevolent Kings" (仁王 Rénwáng), two muscular guardian deities that usually stand at each side of the shanmen in Buddhist temples and monasteries.
Yamantaka is the "destroyer of death" deity in Vajrayana Buddhism, above riding a water buffalo. Carved cliff relief of Yamāntaka, one out of a set depicting the Ten Wisdom Kings, at the Dazu Rock Carvings in Chongqing, China. 7th century.
The following is an outline and topical guide to the Mongol Empire: The Mongol Empire was a 13th and 14th century nomadic empire and the largest contiguous empire in all of history. [ 1 ]