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Financial inclusion is the availability and equality of opportunities to access financial services. [1] It refers to processes by which individuals and businesses can access appropriate, affordable, and timely financial products and services—which include banking , loan , equity , and insurance products.
Access to financial services is defined as the share of the adult population (population ages 15+) with an account ownership at a financial institution or with a mobile-money-service provider. The data for the ranking taken from the Global Financial Inclusion Database , which was compiled by the World Bank .
Measuring financial access is essential for strengthening the link between theory and empirical evidence. Currently, the main proxy variables that measure financial access include: the number of bank accounts per 1,000 adults, number of bank branches per 100,000 adults, the percentage of firms with line of credit (large and small firms). [5]
Financial deepening is a term used by economists to refer to increasing provision of financial services. It can refer both a wider choice of services and better access for different socioeconomic groups. [1] Financial deepening can have an effect on both individuals' and societies' economic situations.
Diversity themes gained momentum in the mid-1980s. At a time when President Ronald Reagan discussed dismantling equality and affirmative action laws in the 1980s, equality and affirmative action professionals employed by American firms along with equality consultants, engaged in establishing the argument that a diverse workforce should be seen as a competitive advantage rather than just as a ...
After President Donald Trump’s November 2024 election victory, the Financial Times had reported $140 billion new investment into US equity funds in just the first month. While there is certainly ...
The Maya Declaration is a global initiative for responsible and sustainable financial inclusion issued by the Alliance for Financial Inclusion that aims to reduce poverty and ensure financial stability for the benefit of all. It is the first global and measurable set of financial inclusion commitments by developing and emerging economies.
Universal basic services (UBS) is an idea [1] of a form of social security in which all citizens or residents of a community, region, or country receive unconditional access to a range of free, basic, public services, funded by taxpayers and provided by a government or public institution. [2]