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Brain plasticity science is the study of a physical process. Gray matter can actually shrink or thicken; neural connections can be forged and refined or weakened and severed.
Neuroplasticity, also known as neural plasticity or just plasticity, is the ability of neural networks in the brain to change through growth and reorganization. Neuroplasticity refers to the brain's ability to reorganize and rewire its neural connections, enabling it to adapt and function in ways that differ from its prior state.
Synaptic plasticity has long been implicated for its role in memory storage and is thought to play a key role in learning. [ 4 ] [ 3 ] However, during developmental periods, synaptic plasticity is of particular importance, as changes in the network of synaptic connections can ultimately lead to changes in developmental milestones.
Spike-Timing-Dependent Plasticity (STDP), for example, refines Hebbian principles by incorporating the precise timing of neuronal spikes. Experimental advancements have also linked Hebbian learning to complex behaviors, such as decision-making and emotional regulation, showcasing its versatility.
Activity-dependent plasticity is seen in the primary visual cortex, a region of the brain that processes visual stimuli and is capable of modifying the experienced stimuli based on active sensing and arousal states. It is known that synaptic communication trends between excited and depressed states relative to the light/dark cycle.
Neural plasticity refers to any change in the structure of the neural network that forms the central nervous system. Neural plasticity is the neuronal basis for changes in how the mind works, including learning, the formation of memory, and changes in intelligence. One well-studied form of plasticity is Long-Term Potentiation (LTP). [6]
Plasticity (physics), in engineering and physics, the propensity of a solid material to undergo permanent deformation under load; Behavioral plasticity, change in an organism's behavior in response to exposure to stimuli; Neuroplasticity, in neuroscience, how entire brain structures, and the brain itself, can change as a result of experience
When an aspect of development is strongly affected by early experience, it is said to show a high degree of plasticity; when the genetic make-up is the primary cause of development, plasticity is said to be low. [60] Plasticity may involve guidance by endogenous factors like hormones as well as by exogenous factors like infection. [57]