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This means using Kinetic Theory to consider what are known as "transport properties", such as viscosity, thermal conductivity, mass diffusivity and thermal diffusion. In its most basic form, Kinetic gas theory is only applicable to dilute gases.
Chemical kinetics, also known as reaction kinetics, is the branch of physical chemistry that is concerned with understanding the rates of chemical reactions. It is different from chemical thermodynamics, which deals with the direction in which a reaction occurs but in itself tells nothing about its rate.
A molecular dynamics simulation requires the definition of a potential function, or a description of the terms by which the particles in the simulation will interact. In chemistry and biology this is usually referred to as a force field and in materials physics as an interatomic potential .
In a gas, the molecules have enough kinetic energy so that the effect of intermolecular forces is small (or zero for an ideal gas), and the typical distance between neighboring molecules is much greater than the molecular size. A gas has no definite shape or volume, but occupies the entire container in which it is confined.
At the molecular level, gas dynamics is a study of the kinetic theory of gases, often leading to the study of gas diffusion, statistical mechanics, chemical thermodynamics and non-equilibrium thermodynamics. [2] Gas dynamics is synonymous with aerodynamics when the gas field is air and the subject of study is flight.
Kinetic theory may refer to: Kinetic theory of matter: A general account of the properties of matter, including solids liquids and gases, based around the idea that heat or temperature is a manifestation of atoms and molecules in constant agitation. Kinetic theory of gases, an account of gas properties in terms of motion and interaction of ...
The basic principle is the Fourier's law which is expressed as follows for a static system: q ″ = − k d T d x {\displaystyle q''=-k{\frac {dT}{dx}}} The net flux of heat through a system equals the conductivity times the rate of change of temperature with respect to position.
Refined over time by scientists such as Robert Boyle, Amedeo Avogadro, Jean Perrin, and Linus Pauling, the study of molecules is today known as molecular physics or molecular chemistry. Etymology According to Merriam-Webster and the Online Etymology Dictionary , the word "molecule" derives from the Latin " moles " or small unit of mass.