Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
[2] [3] It is a major active metabolite of naltrexone formed by hepatic dihydrodiol dehydrogenase enzymes. [2] [3] With naltrexone therapy, 6β-naltrexol is present at approximately 10- to 30-fold higher concentrations than naltrexone at steady state due to extensive first-pass metabolism of naltrexone into 6β-naltrexol. [4]
Naltrexone, sold under the brand name Revia among others, is a medication primarily used to manage alcohol use or opioid use disorder by reducing cravings and feelings of euphoria associated with substance use disorder. [8] It has also been found effective in the treatment of other addictions and may be used for them off-label. [12]
Naltrexone/bupropion, sold under the brand name Contrave among others, is a fixed-dose combination medication for the management of chronic obesity in adults in combination with a reduced-calorie diet and increased physical activity. [4] [6] It contains naltrexone, an opioid antagonist, and bupropion, an aminoketone atypical antidepressant. [4]
Low-dose naltrexone has been studied for the treatment of multiple chronic pain disorders including fibromyalgia, multiple sclerosis, Crohn’s disease, and complex regional pain syndrome. [ 2 ] Naltrexone is approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for medication-assisted treatment of alcoholism and opioid use disorders . [ 3 ]
A course of low-dose naltrexone is thus often used as the final step in the treatment of opioid addiction after the patient has been weaned off the substitute agonist such as methadone or buprenorphine, in order to restore homeostasis and minimize the risk of post acute withdrawal syndrome once the maintenance agonist has been withdrawn.
For example, it is used to restore breathing after an opioid overdose. [13] Effects begin within two minutes when given intravenously, five minutes when injected into a muscle, [13] and ten minutes as a nasal spray. [14] Naloxone blocks the effects of opioids for 30 to 90 minutes. [15]
For example, CAT exams must usually meet content specifications; [3] a verbal exam may need to be composed of equal numbers of analogies, fill-in-the-blank and synonym item types. CATs typically have some form of item exposure constraints, [ 3 ] to prevent the most informative items from being over-exposed.
Nalmefene, sold under the brand name Revex among others, is a medication that is used in the treatment of opioid overdose and alcohol dependence. [2] [3] Nalmefene belongs to the class of opioid antagonists and can be taken by mouth, administered by injection, or delivered through nasal administration.