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Mycosphaerella musicola was first reported from Java in 1902 and by 1962 was found in most banana growing regions of the world. Although it is spread over short distances by conidia and ascospores, over long distances it is the movement of infected germplasm such as diseased leaves and suckers that is likely to be responsible.
Growing over 10 meters high, [5] it can bloom at a height of around 25 cm. The slender, grooved stems are hairy bald to sparsely downy. The 5 to 6 cm long, triangular foliage leaves distributed on the stem are divided into a petiole and pinnate leaf blade. The petiole is (0.5 to) 1.5 to 3.5 cm long and the rachis is 0.4 to 2 cm long. The ...
Piscidia piscipula, commonly named Florida fishpoison tree, Jamaican dogwood, or fishfuddle, is a medium-sized, deciduous, tropical tree in the Fabaceae family.It is native to the Greater Antilles (except Puerto Rico), extreme southern Florida (primarily the Florida Keys) and the Bahamas, and the coastal region from Panama northward to the vicinity of Ocampo, Tamaulipas, Mexico. [3]
Black sigatoka is a leaf-spot disease of banana plants caused by the ascomycete fungus Mycosphaerella fijiensis (Morelet), also known as black leaf streak. It was discovered in 1963 and named for its similarities with yellow Sigatoka, which is caused by Mycosphaerella musicola (Mulder), which was itself named after the Sigatoka Valley in Fiji .
Symptoms can overlap across causal agents, however differing signs and symptoms of certain pathogens can lead to the diagnosis of the type of leaf spot disease. Prolonged wet and humid conditions promote leaf spot disease and most pathogens are spread by wind, splashing rain or irrigation that carry the disease to other leaves. [2]
Taphrina caerulescens infects about 50 different species of oak (Quercus), predominately red oak (Q. erythrobalanus) and some white oak (Q. leurobalanus).Oak leaf blister is found across the country and in varying parts of the world but is most severe in the southeast and Gulf States of the U.S. [6] It is generally accepted that a T. caerulescens strain isolated from one host cannot be used to ...
Fungal diseases; Common name: Scientific name: Plants affected: Alternaria leaf spot Alternaria panax: B, D, Fl, P,S Anthracnose Colletotrichum trichellum: H Cercospora leaf spot Cercospora spp. B, S Damping-off Pythium spp. B,Fj,S Gray mold Botrytis cinerea: H Phyllosticta leaf spot Phyllosticta concentrica. Discochora philoprina [teleomorph] H
Key factors include anthropogenic eutrophication, global climate change such as increased temperature and light or global warming due to an increase in ozone depleting substances (e.g., CO 2, N 2 O, etc.), and other biotic and abiotic factors responsible for the worldwide bloom incidence.