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A macron (/ ˈ m æ k r ɒ n, ˈ m eɪ-/ MAK-ron, MAY-) is a diacritical mark: it is a straight bar ¯ placed above a letter, usually a vowel.Its name derives from Ancient Greek μακρόν (makrón) 'long' because it was originally used to mark long or heavy syllables in Greco-Roman metrics.
Ā, lowercase ā ("A with macron"), is a grapheme, a Latin A with a macron, used in several orthographies.Ā is used to denote a long A.Examples are the Baltic languages (e.g. Latvian), Polynesian languages, including Māori and Moriori, some romanizations of Japanese, Persian, Pashto, Assyrian Neo-Aramaic (which represents a long A sound) and Arabic, and some Latin texts (especially for ...
A diacritic (also diacritical mark, diacritical point, diacritical sign, or accent) is a glyph added to a letter or to a basic glyph. The term derives from the Ancient Greek διακριτικός ( diakritikós , "distinguishing"), from διακρίνω ( diakrínō , "to distinguish").
In some areas, such as the Waikato, use of a macron is replaced by a double vowel instead (eg. Maaori instead of Māori), typically in areas where local Māori dialects prefer usage of a double vowel. [18] A diaeresis has sometimes been used (Mäori) in place of a macron where the technical capacity to apply a macron diacritic is limited. [19]
A macron is a diacritic ¯ placed over a vowel originally to indicate that the vowel is long. When editing a Wikipedia page, macron characters appear below the edit box, and can be inserted into the edit box by clicking the appropriate character (in JavaScript-enabled browsers). A macron can also be input directly from the keyboard.
A with macron and macron: Kienning Colloquial Romanized transliteration Ā̆ ā̆: A with macron and breve: Latin, Middle High German, Proto-Indo-European Ā̆́ ā̆́: A with macron, breve and acute: Latin Ā̈ ā̈: A with macron and diaeresis: Svan transliteration Ā̊ ā̊: A with macron and ring above: Avestan transliteration Ā̌ ā̌: A ...
Combining Diacritical Marks is a Unicode block containing the most common combining characters.It also contains the character "Combining Grapheme Joiner", which prevents canonical reordering of combining characters, and despite the name, actually separates characters that would otherwise be considered a single grapheme in a given context.
Other languages used the macron over an n or m to indicate simple doubling. Already in medieval Latin palaeography, the sign that in Spanish came to be called virgulilla ("little comma") was used over a vowel to indicate a following nasal consonant ( n or m ) that had been omitted, as in tãtus for tantus or quã for quam. This usage was passed ...