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The extreme points of India include the coordinates that are further north, south, east or west than any other location in India; and the highest and the lowest altitudes in the country. The northernmost point claimed by India is in territory disputed between India and Pakistan , and administered partially by both.
India's arable land area of 1,597,000 km 2 (394.6 million acres) is the second largest in the world, after the United States. Its gross irrigated crop area of 826,000 km 2 (215.6 million acres) is the largest in the world, followed by US and China. [ 71 ]
It occupies nearly three-quarters of the area and population of India and includes all of the three mega cities of India: Mumbai, Delhi and Kolkata. In a more specific and administrative sense, North India can also be used to denote the Indo-Gangetic Plain within this broader expanse, stretching from the Ganga-Yamuna Doab to the Thar Desert. [2]
Ras ben Sakka ( the northernmost point of mainland Africa) 37°31′N 37°21′N Iraq: North of Sanat: 37°23′N Syria: Tigris south of Cizre: 37°19′N Pakistan: Kilik Pass, Gilgit-Baltistan (claimed) 37°08′N Algeria: Cap Bougaroûn, Skikda: 37°05′N Gibraltar (United Kingdom) Border with Spain in Winston Town 36°09′N Malta
The easternmost and westernmost points on Earth, based on the east–west standard for describing longitude, can be found anywhere along the 180th meridian, which passes through the Arctic, Pacific, and Southern Oceans, as well as parts of Siberia (including Wrangel Island), Antarctica, and three islands of Fiji (Vanua Levu's eastern peninsula, the middle of Taveuni, and the western part of ...
In the last census of British India in 1941, the total population of Kashmir and Jammu (which as a result of the Second World War, was estimated from the 1931 census) was 3,945,000. Of these, the total Muslim population was 2,997,000 (75.97%), the Hindu population was 808,000 (20.48%), and the Sikh 55,000 (1.39%).
[c] Before the Partition of India, the term "Northwest India" included the entirety of Punjab, Sindh [9] and North West Frontier Province, in addition to the territory of modern-day India west of the 77th meridian east and north of the 24th parallel north. [10] Since the ancient period, the region has been subject to foreign invasions.
India was home to the ancient Indus Valley civilisation, and is the birthplace of four world religions: Hinduism, Sikhism, Buddhism, Jainism. India endured colonisation, eventually being administered by the United Kingdom from the mid-19th century to the mid-20th century.