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The reaction has been demonstrated to proceed in water as reaction solvent and with direct aromatization by ferric chloride, manganese dioxide or potassium permanganate in a one-pot synthesis. [4] Hantzsch reaction with ammonium acetate, ethyl acetoacetate, formaldehyde and ferric chloride
Hantzsch ester can be made with a Hantzsch pyridine synthesis where formaldehyde, two equivalents of ethyl acetoacetate and ammonium acetate are combined to afford the product in high yield. [2] Hantzsch reaction with ammonium acetate, ethyl acetoacetate, formaldehyde and ferric chloride
Acetoacetic ester synthesis is a chemical reaction where ethyl acetoacetate is alkylated at the α-carbon to both carbonyl groups and then converted into a ketone, or more specifically an α-substituted acetone. This is very similar to malonic ester synthesis. Acetoacetic ester synthesis equation
At large scale, ethyl acetoacetate is industrially produced by treatment of diketene with ethanol. [2] The small scale preparation of ethyl acetoacetate is a classic laboratory procedure. [3] It involves Claisen condensation of ethyl acetate. Two moles of ethyl acetate condense to form one mole each of ethyl acetoacetate and ethanol. [4]
Soon after Hagemann, Emil Knoevenagel described a modified procedure to produce the same intermediate diethyl ester of 2,4-diacetyl pentane using formaldehyde and two equivalents of ethyl acetoacetate which undergo condensation in the presence of a catalytic amount of piperidine. [3]
A laboratory route involves condensation of ethyl acetoacetate, formaldehyde, and an ammonia ... It is produced industrially by the reaction of formaldehyde, acetone ...
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The Hantzsch pyridine synthesis typically uses a 2:1:1 mixture of a β-keto acid (often acetoacetate), an aldehyde (often formaldehyde), and ammonia or its salt as the nitrogen donor. First, a double hydrogenated pyridine is obtained, which is then oxidized to the corresponding pyridine derivative.