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Methanation is the conversion of carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide (CO x) to methane (CH 4) through hydrogenation. The methanation reactions of CO x were first discovered by Sabatier and Senderens in 1902. [1] CO x methanation has many practical applications.
An optimised system of this design massing 50 kg "is projected to produce 1 kg/day of O 2:CH 4 propellant ... with a methane purity of 98+% while consuming ~17 kWh per day of electrical power (at a continuous power of 700 W). Overall unit conversion rate expected from the optimised system is one tonne of propellant per 17 MWh energy input. [24]"
The oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) is a potential chemical reaction studied in the 1980s for the direct conversion of natural gas, primarily consisting of methane, into value-added chemicals. Although the reaction would have strong economics if practicable, no effective catalysts are known, and thermodynamic arguments suggest none can exist.
Conversion and its related terms yield and selectivity are important terms in chemical reaction engineering.They are described as ratios of how much of a reactant has reacted (X — conversion, normally between zero and one), how much of a desired product was formed (Y — yield, normally also between zero and one) and how much desired product was formed in ratio to the undesired product(s) (S ...
Of interest for upgrading methane is its oxidative coupling: 2 CH 4 + O 2 → C 2 H 4 + 2 H 2 O. Conversion of carbon dioxide to unsaturated hydrocarbons via electrochemical reduction is a hopeful avenue of research, but no stable and economic technology yet has been developed.
Methanol is made from methane (natural gas) in a series of three reactions: . Steam reforming CH 4 + H 2 O → CO + 3 H 2 Δ r H = +206 kJ mol −1 Water shift reaction CO + H 2 O → CO 2 + H 2 Δ r H = -41 kJ mol −1
To convert from / to /, multiply by 100. To convert from / to /, divide ... Methane: 2.253 0.04278 Methanol: 9.649 0.06702 Methylamine [2] 7.106 0.0588 Neon: 0.2135
The initial HTS takes advantage of the high reaction rates, but results in incomplete conversion of carbon monoxide. A subsequent low temperature shift reactor lowers the carbon monoxide content to <1%. Commercial HTS catalysts are based on iron oxide–chromium oxide and the LTS catalyst is a copper-based.