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A firewall installed between substation transformers. In fire safety, compartmentation in structures, such as land-based buildings, traffic tunnels, ships, aerospace vehicles, or submarines, is an objective of passive fire protection, in which a structure is divided into fire compartments, which may contain single or multiple rooms, for the purpose of limiting the spread of fire, smoke and ...
Fire protection is the study and practice of mitigating the unwanted effects of potentially destructive fires. [1] [2] It involves the study of the behaviour, compartmentalisation, suppression and investigation of fire and its related emergencies, as well as the research and development, production, testing and application of mitigating systems.
Reconstruction of a 19th-century naval architect's office, Aberdeen Maritime Museum General Course of Study leading to Naval Architecture degree Naval architecture, or naval engineering, is an engineering discipline incorporating elements of mechanical, electrical, electronic, software and safety engineering as applied to the engineering design process, shipbuilding, maintenance, and operation ...
A cofferdam is a small space left open between two bulkheads, to give protection from heat, fire, or collision. [2] Tankers generally have cofferdams forward and aft of the cargo tanks, and sometimes between individual tanks. [3] A pumproom houses all the pumps connected to a tanker's cargo lines. [1] Some larger tankers have two pumprooms. [1]
increase the structural rigidity of the vessel, divide functional areas into rooms and; create watertight compartments that can contain water in the case of a hull breach or other leak. some bulkheads and decks are fire-resistance rated to achieve compartmentalisation, a passive fire protection measure; see firewall (construction).
PFP systems are designed to "prevent" the spread of fire and smoke, or heating of structural members, for an intended limited period of time as determined by the local building code and fire codes. Passive fire protection measures such as firestops, fire walls, and fire doors, are tested to determine the fire-resistance rating of the final ...
A ship will sink if the transverse bulkheads are so far apart that flooding a single compartment would consume all the ship's reserve buoyancy. Aside from the possible protection of machinery, or areas most susceptible to damage, such a ship would be no better than a ship without watertight subdivision, and is called a one-compartment ship.
One of the possible causes of marine casualties is the inability of aging ships to withstand rough seas and weather, because the ship's structural safety becomes reduced during later life although it is quite adequate at the design stage and perhaps some 15 years beyond. Condition assessment scheme (CAS) is being developed.