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Anterior interosseous syndrome is a medical condition in which damage to the anterior interosseous nerve (AIN), a distal motor and sensory branch of the median nerve, classically with severe weakness of the pincer movement of the thumb and index finger, and can cause transient pain in the wrist (the terminal, sensory branch of the AIN innervates the bones of the carpal tunnel).
Cheiralgia paraesthetica (Wartenberg's syndrome) is a neuropathy of the hand generally caused by compression or trauma to the superficial branch of the radial nerve. [1] [2] The area affected is typically on the back or side of the hand at the base of the thumb, near the anatomical snuffbox, but may extend up the back of the thumb and index finger and across the back of the hand.
The thenar eminence is the mound formed at the base of the thumb on the palm of the hand by the intrinsic group of muscles of the thumb. [1] The skin overlying this region is the area stimulated when trying to elicit a palmomental reflex. The word thenar comes from Ancient Greek θέναρ (thenar) 'palm of the hand'. [2]
Froment sign is the flexion of the interphalangeal joint of the thumb rather than adduction of the entire thumb. Note that the flexor pollicis longus is nearly always innervated by the anterior interosseous branch of the median nerve. Simultaneous hyperextension of the thumb MCP joint is indicative of ulnar nerve compromise. This is also known ...
The examiner passively restricts the flexion of the fingers while the examinee attempts to actively flex the thumb. [10] A positive test is marked by restricted active thumb flexion with pain or cramping discomfort in the palmar and radial sides of the distal (lower) forearm or wrist. [10]
The main symptoms are pain in the hand, numbness, and tingling in the thumb, index finger, middle finger, and the thumb side of the ring finger. [1] Symptoms are typically most troublesome at night. [2] Many people sleep with their wrists bent, and the ensuing symptoms may lead to awakening. [7]
Wartenberg's sign is a neurological sign consisting of involuntary abduction of the fifth (little) finger, caused by unopposed action of the extensor digiti minimi. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] This commonly results from weakness of some of the ulnar nerve innervated intrinsic hand muscles -in particular the palmar interosseous muscle to the little finger ...
In such cases the affected area may be immobilised in a splint or cast and reviewed with repeat X-rays in two weeks, or alternatively an MRI or bone scan may be performed. [2] The fracture may be preventable by using wrist guards during certain activities. [1] In those in whom the fracture remains well aligned a cast is generally sufficient. [2]