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The first Laws of Duplicate Contract Bridge were published in 1928. [1] They were revised in 1933, 1935, 1943, 1949, 1963, 1975, 1987, 1997, 2007 and 2017. [2] The Laws are effective worldwide for all duplicate bridge tournaments sponsored by WBF, zonal, national and subordinate organizations (which includes most bridge clubs).
If the N-S diamonds were divided 4-2 instead of 5-1, with clubs consequently divided 3-3, the available total tricks would be only 8 for N-S + 8 for E-W = 16 If, on the other hand, the E-W spades were divided 3-1 instead of 2-2 (with appropriate minor-suit rearrangement), they could make 2 ♥ , while N-S could still make 4 ♠ , giving 18 ...
In the example movement above, Tables 1, 2, 7, and 8 would use one set of boards, with boards entering at Table 2 and exiting at Table 7, and Tables 3, 4, 5, and 6 would use the other, with boards entering at Table 6 and exiting at Table 3. The remaining boards of each set usually are placed on stands next to the table where they will enter.
Thus most Appeals deal with 'judgement' decisions - the use of unauthorised information (Law 16B), the effect of misinformation (Law 21), or when a claim for a certain number of tricks is disputed (Law 70). In some bridge tournaments, players may first approach an official 'screener', who will take details and advise them, based on that ...
In contract bridge, Bergen raises are conventional treatments of responses to a major suit opening in a five-card major system. [1] Developed by Marty Bergen and first published in April 1982, [2] Bergen raises are based on the Law of total tricks, a hand evaluation concept which states that with a combined nine trumps in the partnership one should compete to at least the three-level ...
In the Swiss convention, in response to an opening 1 ♥ or 1 ♠, a bid of 4 ♣ or 4 ♦ shows four-card support for partner's suit, about 13–15 points, and two or three aces respectively. Alternatively, the bids of 4 ♣ and 4 ♦ can be used to show trump quality; the specific meaning of the two bids varies between partnerships.
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In the partnership card game contract bridge, the Blackwood convention is a bidding convention developed by Easley Blackwood in 1933 [1] and still widely used in the modern game. Its purpose is to enable the partnership to explore its possession of aces, kings and in some variants, the queen of trumps to judge whether a slam would be a feasible ...