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Kruskal's algorithm [1] finds a minimum spanning forest of an undirected edge-weighted graph. If the graph is connected , it finds a minimum spanning tree . It is a greedy algorithm that in each step adds to the forest the lowest-weight edge that will not form a cycle . [ 2 ]
A demo for Prim's algorithm based on Euclidean distance. In computer science, Prim's algorithm is a greedy algorithm that finds a minimum spanning tree for a weighted undirected graph. This means it finds a subset of the edges that forms a tree that includes every vertex, where the total weight of all the edges in the tree is minimized. The ...
For example, Kruskal's algorithm processes edges in turn, deciding whether to include the edge in the MST based on whether it would form a cycle with all previously chosen edges. Both Prim's algorithm and Kruskal's algorithm require processes to know the state of the whole graph, which is very difficult to discover in the message-passing model.
Such a tree can be found with algorithms such as Prim's or Kruskal's after multiplying the edge weights by -1 and solving the MST problem on the new graph. A path in the maximum spanning tree is the widest path in the graph between its two endpoints: among all possible paths, it maximizes the weight of the minimum-weight edge. [21]
Examples of such greedy algorithms are Kruskal's algorithm and Prim's algorithm for finding minimum spanning trees and the algorithm for finding optimum Huffman trees. Greedy algorithms appear in the network routing as well. Using greedy routing, a message is forwarded to the neighbouring node which is "closest" to the destination.
Similarly to Prim's algorithm there are components in Kruskal's approach that can not be parallelised in its classical variant. For example, determining whether or not two vertices are in the same subtree is difficult to parallelise, as two union operations might attempt to join the same subtrees at the same time.
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Ant colony algorithm; Breadth-first search; Depth-first search; Depth-limited search; FKT algorithm; Flood fill; Graph exploration algorithm; Matching (graph theory) Max flow min cut theorem; Maximum-cardinality search; Shortest path. Dijkstra's algorithm; Bellman–Ford algorithm; A* algorithm; Floyd–Warshall algorithm; Topological sorting ...