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Pink water and red water are two distinct types of wastewater related to trinitrotoluene. [34] Pink water is produced from equipment washing processes after munitions filling or demilitarization operations, [ 35 ] [ 36 ] and as such is generally saturated with the maximum amount of TNT that will dissolve in water (about 150 parts per million ...
Munition workers were sometimes called Canary Girls, British women who worked in munitions manufacturing trinitrotoluene (TNT) shells during the First World War1 (1914–1918). The nickname arose because exposure to TNT is toxic, and repeated exposure can turn the skin an orange-yellow colour reminiscent of the plumage of a canary. [2]
[56] [57] The red-orange color of the smoke from the second explosion was caused by nitrogen dioxide, a byproduct of ammonium nitrate decomposition. [ 58 ] By the next morning, the main fire that led to the explosion had been extinguished.
Nitration of toluene gives mono-, di-, and trinitrotoluene, all of which are widely used. Dinitrotoluene is the precursor to toluene diisocyanate, a precursor to polyurethane foam. Trinitrotoluene (TNT) is an explosive. Complete hydrogenation of toluene gives methylcyclohexane. The reaction requires a high pressure of hydrogen and a catalyst.
Picric acid was the first strongly explosive nitrated organic compound widely considered suitable to withstand the shock of firing in conventional artillery. Nitroglycerine and nitrocellulose (guncotton) were available earlier, but shock sensitivity sometimes caused detonation in an artillery barrel at the time of firing.
2,4,6-Trinitrobenzoic acid is prepared by oxidation of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT). It is formed by oxidation of TNT and nitric acid with chlorate [2] and with dichromate. [3] Upon heating, 2,4,6-trinitrobenzoic acid undergoes decarboxylation to give 1,3,5-trinitrobenzene. [4]
Nitramex has much the same formula as nitramon but with the addition of trinitrotoluene (TNT). It has higher density and explosive strength than Nitramon. Nitramex was developed for blasting hard rock. [2] This explosive was used in the removal of Ripple Rock. Large quantities of Nitramex 2H (over a thousand tonnes) were packed into tunnels.
Pentolite is a composite high explosive used for military and civilian purposes, e.g., warheads and booster charges. It is made of pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN) phlegmatized with trinitrotoluene (TNT) by melt casting. [1] The most common military variety of pentolite (designated "Pentolite 50/50") is a mixture of 50% PETN and 50% TNT. [1 ...