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Isabel Briggs Myers (born Isabel Briggs; October 18, 1897 – May 5, 1980 [1] [2]) was an American writer who co-created the Myers–Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) with her mother, Katharine Cook Briggs. [3] The MBTI is one of the most-often used personality tests worldwide; over two million people complete the questionnaire each year. [3]
Gifts Differing: Understanding Personality Type is a 1980 book written by Isabel Briggs Myers with Peter B. Myers, which describes the insights into the psychological type model originally developed by C. G. Jung as adapted and embodied in the Myers–Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) personality test.
Isabel Briggs Myers and her mother, Katharine Cook Briggs, subsequently extended and codified Jung's ideas into a test for sixteen psychological types, called the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator. In a two-page chart of "Characteristics of Types in High School" (Myers Briggs Manual, Form E 1958), Isabel Myers described the sixteen types briefly.
Isabel Myers was most decidedly not a psychologist. In the preface to "Gifts Differing," her son Peter B. Myers writes, "Isabel Myers, on the other hand, while not trained as a psychologist, devoted the entire second half of her life to interpreting and adapting Jung's theory..." (page xii). She was, as the article states, a psychological theorist.
Katharine Cook Briggs (January 3, 1875 – July 10, 1968) was an American writer who was the co-creator, with her daughter Isabel Briggs Myers, of an inventory of a widely popular personality type system known as the Myers–Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI).
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Building on the writings and observations of Jung during World War II, Isabel Briggs Myers and her mother, Katharine C. Briggs, delineated personality types by constructing the Myers–Briggs Type Indicator. [13] [14] This model was later used by David Keirsey with a different understanding from Jung, Briggs and Myers. [15]
A chart with descriptions of each Myers–Briggs personality type and the four dichotomies central to the theory. The Myers–Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) is a self-report questionnaire that makes pseudoscientific claims [6] to categorize individuals into 16 distinct "psychological types" or "personality types".