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Foix–Chavany–Marie syndrome (FCMS), also known as bilateral opercular syndrome, is a neuropathological disorder characterized by paralysis of the facial, tongue, pharynx, and masticatory muscles of the mouth that aid in chewing.
Pierre Robin sequence [a] (/ p j ɛər r ɔː ˈ b æ̃ /; [3] abbreviated PRS) is a congenital defect observed in humans which is characterized by facial abnormalities.The three main features are micrognathia (abnormally small mandible), which causes glossoptosis (downwardly displaced or retracted tongue), which in turn causes breathing problems due to obstruction of the upper airway.
Plummer–Vinson syndrome (also known as Paterson–Kelly syndrome [1] or Paterson–Brown-Kelly syndrome in the UK [2]) is a rare disease characterized by dysphagia (difficulty swallowing), iron-deficiency anemia, glossitis (inflammation of the tongue), cheilosis (cracking at the corners of the mouth), and esophageal webs (thin membranes in the esophagus that can cause obstruction). [1]
A common method to treat Velopharyngeal insufficiency is pharyngeal flap surgery, where tissue from the back of the mouth is used to close part of the gap. Other ways of treating velopharyngeal insufficiency is by placing a posterior nasopharyngeal wall implant (commonly cartilage or collagen) or type of soft palate lengthening procedure (i.e ...
Tornwaldt's disease is a rare benign disorder caused by persistent notochord remnants. [3] This disease almost remains asymptomatic. [citation needed] At about the 10th week of embryonic development, the pharyngeal pouch forms by adhesion of the pharyngeal ectoderm to the cranial end of the notochord.
When a pharyngeal flap is used, a flap of the posterior wall is attached to the posterior border of the soft palate. The flap consists of mucosa and the superior pharyngeal constrictor muscle. The muscle stays attached to the pharyngeal wall at the upper side (superior flap) or at the lower side (inferior flap). [19]
A Zenker's diverticulum, also pharyngeal pouch, is a diverticulum of the mucosa of the human pharynx, just above the cricopharyngeal muscle (i.e. above the upper sphincter of the esophagus). It is a pseudo diverticulum or false diverticulum (only involving the mucosa and submucosa of the esophageal wall, not the adventitia), also known as a ...
Oropharyngeal dysphagia; Other names: Transfer dysphagia: The digestive tract, with the esophagus marked in red: Specialty: Gastroenterology, ENT surgery: Symptoms: Hesitation or inability to initiate swallowing, food sticking in the throat, nasal regurgitation, difficulty swallowing solids, frequent repetitive swallows. frequent throat clearing, hoarse voice, cough, weight loss, and recurrent ...