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In mathematics, an elliptic partial differential equation is a type of partial differential equation (PDE). In mathematical modeling , elliptic PDEs are frequently used to model steady states , unlike parabolic PDE and hyperbolic PDE which generally model phenomena that change in time.
This feature qualitatively distinguishes hyperbolic equations from elliptic partial differential equations and parabolic partial differential equations. A perturbation of the initial (or boundary) data of an elliptic or parabolic equation is felt at once by essentially all points in the domain.
A parabolic partial differential equation is a type of partial differential equation (PDE). Parabolic PDEs are used to describe a wide variety of time-dependent phenomena in, i.a., engineering science, quantum mechanics and financial mathematics. Examples include the heat equation, time-dependent Schrödinger equation and the Black–Scholes ...
In mathematics, a partial differential equation (PDE) is an equation which involves a multivariable function and one or more of its partial derivatives.. The function is often thought of as an "unknown" that solves the equation, similar to how x is thought of as an unknown number solving, e.g., an algebraic equation like x 2 − 3x + 2 = 0.
In mathematics, the method of characteristics is a technique for solving partial differential equations. Typically, it applies to first-order equations, though in general characteristic curves can also be found for hyperbolic and parabolic partial differential equation.
Elliptic operators are typical of potential theory, and they appear frequently in electrostatics and continuum mechanics. Elliptic regularity implies that their solutions tend to be smooth functions (if the coefficients in the operator are smooth). Steady-state solutions to hyperbolic and parabolic equations generally solve elliptic equations.
In geometry, the elliptic coordinate system is a two-dimensional orthogonal coordinate system in which the coordinate lines are confocal ellipses and hyperbolae. The two foci F 1 {\displaystyle F_{1}} and F 2 {\displaystyle F_{2}} are generally taken to be fixed at − a {\displaystyle -a} and + a {\displaystyle +a} , respectively, on the x ...
In mathematics, an elliptic boundary value problem is a special kind of boundary value problem which can be thought of as the steady state of an evolution problem. For example, the Dirichlet problem for the Laplacian gives the eventual distribution of heat in a room several hours after the heating is turned on.