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The most general theoretical formalism for Bose–Einstein correlations in subnuclear physics is the quantum statistical approach, [10] [11] based on the classical current [12] and coherent state, [13] [14] formalism: it includes quantum coherence, correlation lengths and correlation times.
However, for measurements correlating detections at multiple detectors, higher-order coherence is involved (e.g., intensity correlations, second order coherence, at two detectors). Glauber's definition of quantum coherence involves nth-order correlation functions (n-th order coherence) for all n. The perfect coherent state has all n-orders of ...
A pure quantum state is a state that can not be written as a probabilistic mixture, or convex combination, of other quantum states. [5] There are several equivalent characterizations of pure states in the language of density operators. [9]: 73 A density operator represents a pure state if and only if:
The macroscopic quantum coherence (off-diagonal long-range order, ODLRO) [24] [25] for superfluidity, and laser light, is related to first-order (1-body) coherence/ODLRO, while superconductivity is related to second-order coherence/ODLRO. (For fermions, such as electrons, only even orders of coherence/ODLRO are possible.)
Typical T 2 coherence times for a charge qubit are on the order of 1–2 μs. [5] Recent work has shown T 2 times approaching 100 μs using a type of charge qubit known as a transmon inside a three-dimensional superconducting cavity. [6] [7] Understanding the limits of T 2 is an active area of research in the field of superconducting quantum ...
Quantum mechanics is a fundamental theory that describes the behavior of nature at and below the scale of atoms. [2]: 1.1 It is the foundation of all quantum physics, which includes quantum chemistry, quantum field theory, quantum technology, and quantum information science. Quantum mechanics can describe many systems that classical physics cannot.
A wave with a longer coherence length is closer to a perfect sinusoidal wave. Coherence length is important in holography and telecommunications engineering. This article focuses on the coherence of classical electromagnetic fields. In quantum mechanics, there is a mathematically analogous concept of the quantum coherence length of a wave function.
The Born rule is a postulate of quantum mechanics that gives the probability that a measurement of a quantum system will yield a given result. In one commonly used application, it states that the probability density for finding a particle at a given position is proportional to the square of the amplitude of the system's wavefunction at that position.