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They also made experiments upon varying the distance between the copper plate and the magnet, and varying the diameter and thickness of the copper disk. Experiments were made upon various metals, and the torque was found to vary as the conductivity of the metal as far as the latter could be judged after being rolled into the form of plate. Messrs.
Crookes X-ray tube from around 1910 Another Crookes x-ray tube. The device attached to the neck of the tube (right) is an "osmotic softener". When the voltage applied to a Crookes tube is high enough, around 5,000 volts or greater, [16] it can accelerate the electrons to a high enough velocity to create X-rays when they hit the anode or the glass wall of the tube.
The moving magnet and conductor problem is a famous thought experiment, originating in the 19th century, concerning the intersection of classical electromagnetism and special relativity. In it, the current in a conductor moving with constant velocity, v , with respect to a magnet is calculated in the frame of reference of the magnet and in the ...
The Little–Parks effect was discovered in 1962 in experiments with empty and thin-walled superconducting cylinders subjected to a parallel magnetic field. The electrical resistance of such cylinders shows a periodic oscillation with the magnetic flux through the cylinder, the period being h/2e = 2.07×10 −15 V·s.
Ørsted experiment (1820): Hans Christian Ørsted demonstrates the connection of electricity and magnetism by experiments involving a compass and electric circuits. Discovery of electromagnetic induction (1831): Michael Faraday discovers magnetic induction in an experiment with a closed ring of soft iron, with two windings of wire.
A metal object C (Faraday used a brass ball suspended by a nonconductive silk thread, [1] but modern experiments often use a small metal ball or disk mounted on an insulating handle [4]) is charged with electricity using an electrostatic machine and lowered into the container A without touching it. As it is lowered the charge detector's reading ...
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