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In 1999, the Commissione Italiana Veicoli Elettrici Stradali [] (Italian electric vehicles association, CIVES) approached Scame to design an interface specifically for charging electric vehicles, [2] which led to a system that delivered single-phase AC line voltage through what is now called a Type 3A female socket via an adaptor that plugged into a standard 230 V AC outlet. [3]
An automobile auxiliary power outlet (also known as car cigarette lighter or auxiliary power outlet [1]) in an automobile was initially designed to power an electrically heated cigarette lighter, [1] but became a de facto standard DC connector to supply electrical power for portable accessories used in or near an automobile directly from the ...
Electric car charging at National Air and Space Museum, 12 December 2016. Various methods exist for recharging the batteries of electric cars. Currently, the largest concern surrounding electric vehicle transportation is the total travel range available before the need to recharge.
The North American Charging System (NACS), standardized as SAE J3400, is an electric vehicle (EV) charging connector standard maintained by SAE International. [1] Developed by Tesla, Inc., it has been used by all North American market Tesla vehicles since 2021 and was opened for use by other manufacturers in November 2022. It is backwards ...
CCS1 (Combined Charging System Combo 1) plug as used in North America. It is an extension of the J1772 standard AC charging connector. CCS Combo 1 vehicle inlet showing the J1772 and the two DC fast-charging pins Connectors: Incomplete Combo 2 (left) showing the two large direct current (DC) pins below, while the four alternating current (AC) pins for neutral and three-phase are removed, while ...
The charging station puts 12 V on the Control Pilot (CP) and the Proximity Pilot (AKA Plug Present: PP) measuring the voltage differences. This protocol does not require integrated circuits, which would be required for other charging protocols, making the SAE J1772 robust and operable through a temperature range of −40 °C to +85 °C.
The project "Amsterdam Elektrisch" [153] project includes 100 street-side charging stations plus 100 charging stations at car parks [154] The first one was put up on 6. November 2009, the 100th street-side charging station became operational on 4. March 2011, with also over 100 charging stations at car parks. [155]
In practical use, charging speed is more relevant than battery capacity (see rechaging section). Typical EV batteries in passenger cars have a weight of 300 to 1,000 kg (660 to 2,200 lb) [73] resulting in ranges from 150 to 500 km (90 to 310 miles), depending on temperature, driving style and car type.