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Possible sanxian (left) and pipa, from a 762-827 A.D. painting in the Mogao caves near Dunhuang―Grotto 46 Left interior wall, second panel. Also called cave 112. It has been suggested that sanxian, a form of spike lute, may have its origin in the Middle East, and older forms of spike lute were also found in ancient Egypt. [1]
Đàn sến - two-string lute derived from the Chinese meihuaqin; Đàn tam - fretless lute derived from the Chinese sanxian with snakeskin-covered body and three strings: tuned F3 C4 F4; Đàn tranh - long zither derived from the Chinese guzheng; Đàn tỳ bà - pear-shaped lute with four strings derived from the Chinese pipa; tuned C4 F4 G4 C5
Liuqin – small plucked, fretted lute with a pear-shaped body and four and five strings; Ruan (Chinese: 阮; pinyin: ruǎn) – moon-shaped lute in five sizes: gaoyin-, xiao-, zhong-, da-, and diyin-; sometimes called ruanqin (阮琴) Yueqin – plucked lute with a wooden body, a short fretted neck, and four strings tuned in pairs
The sanxian family of instruments is very large, with different variants used in different tribes in China. The orchestra often uses dasanxian (da, lit. large) has a soundbox covered on both sides with python skin. Its sound is forceful, penetrating and articulated; in fact, a single sanxian can be clearly heard even in a 70-member orchestra.
Unlike most Naxi music, dongjing uses Chinese titles, Chinese instruments, heterophonic sizhu style, and Chinese gongche notation.Often, the orchestra will include the wooden fish (muyu), the pipa, sugudu, and sanxian lutes, the reed pipe, and the guqin and guzheng zithers.
Guitar and lute This illustration in a French Psalter from the 9th century (c. 830) shows a little known plucked string instrument called cythara in manuscripts. Stringed instruments hanging on a wall. Shown here are 4 Ukuleles, 2 Mandolins, a Banjo, a Guitar, a Violin, a Guraitar and a Bass guitar. Qanún/kanun, origin from ancient Mesopotamia ...
The other four, known as the téng-sì-kóan or four higher instruments, are the four-stringed lute (gî-pê, or pipa 琵琶in Mandarin), a three-stringed, fretless, snakeskin-headed long-necked lute that is the ancestor of the Japanese shamisen, called the sam-hiân, (sanxian三弦 in Mandarin), the vertical flute, (siau (簫), also called ...
Traditionally, the sanshin was covered with the skin of the Burmese python, but today, due to CITES regulations, the skin of the reticulated python is also used. Python skin is used for the skin of the body of the instrument, in contrast to the cat or dogskin used traditionally on the shamisen.