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The bile duct [1] [4] (formerly known as the common bile duct [4]) is a part of the biliary tract. [4] It is formed by the union of the common hepatic duct and cystic duct. It ends by uniting with the pancreatic duct to form the hepatopancreatic ampulla. It possesses its sphincter to enable the regulation of bile flow.
Common bile duct stone, also known as choledocholithiasis, is the presence of gallstones in the common bile duct (CBD) (thus choledocho-+ lithiasis). This condition can cause jaundice and liver cell damage.
Common Bile Duct: Nondilated measuring 1.3 mm at the level of the porta hepatis. Pancreas: Visualized portions unremarkable. Spleen: Normal in size. Kidneys: Right and left kidneys measure 11.5 cm and 12 cm in length respectively. No hydronephrosis. Small left lower pole kidney cyst. Ascites: None. Aorta: Visualized portions normal in caliber ...
7-Hydroxycannabidiol (7-OH-CBD) is an active metabolite of cannabidiol, generated in the body from cannabidiol by the action of the enzyme CYP2C19. [1] While methods have been developed for its synthetic production, [2] and measurement of levels in the body following consumption of cannabidiol, [3] its pharmacology has been relatively little studied, though it has been found to possess similar ...
Some uses for this procedure includes: drainage of bile/infected bile to relieve obstructive jaundice, to place a stent to dilate a stricture in the biliary system, stone removal, and rendezvous technique [4] where guidewire from the common bile duct (CBD) meets with duodenoscope (coming from the oesophagus into the stomach and then duodenum) at the major duodenal papilla.
In 1911, Dr. W. Beam discovered that the tissue of hemp, which is typically low in THC but high in CBD, gives a purple color when treated with bases. [20] The test is relatively simple and inexpensive, and typically involves placing the test sample in a solution of 5% potassium hydroxide and 95% ethanol. [ 21 ]
Insertion of a stent through the major duodenal papilla and ampulla of Vater into the common bile duct and/or the pancreatic duct; Dilation of strictures (e.g. primary sclerosing cholangitis, anastomotic strictures after liver transplantation) [5] Extraction of liver flukes from the biliary system (e.g., opisthorchiasis, clonorchiasis, fasciolosis)
Cannabidiol (CBD) is a phytocannabinoid, one of 113 identified cannabinoids in cannabis plants, along with tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), and accounts for up to 40% of the plant's extract. [17] Medically, it is an anticonvulsant used to treat multiple forms of epilepsy. [4]