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PEP is a multinational retail company based in Cape Town, South Africa. Founded in 1965, PEP operated in 11 countries in Southern Africa with the opening of an outlet in Lobito, Angola in November 2008. [2] As of November 2009, the company reported over 1400 stores in operation, with total employment equalling 14,000 employees. It also owns and ...
The company was founded in 1956 by His first chain store opened in 1978, and was the start of PEP Reef. [6] [7] Formerly known as PEP stores the company changed its name to Pepkor Limited in 1982 and PEP stores became a subsidiary company. [1] In 1998, Pepkor acquired Australian retailer Best & Less. [8]
An optical transistor, also known as an optical switch or a light valve, is a device that switches or amplifies optical signals.Light occurring on an optical transistor's input changes the intensity of light emitted from the transistor's output while output power is supplied by an additional optical source.
Unlike electronic integration where silicon is the dominant material, system photonic integrated circuits have been fabricated from a variety of material systems, including electro-optic crystals such as lithium niobate, silica on silicon, silicon on insulator, various polymers, and semiconductor materials which are used to make semiconductor lasers such as GaAs and InP.
Silicon photonics, however, is expected to play a significant role in computercom as well, where optical links have a reach in the centimeter to meter range. In fact, progress in computer technology (and the continuation of Moore's Law) is becoming increasingly dependent on faster data transfer between and within microchips. [34]
Optical Circulator symbol. An optical circulator is a three- or four-port optical device designed such that light entering any port exits from the next. This means that if light enters port 1 it is emitted from port 2, but if some of the emitted light is reflected back to the circulator, it does not come out of port 1 but instead exits from port 3.
A further array-based switch engine uses an array of individual reflective MEMS mirrors to perform the necessary beam steering (Figure 5 [5] (to be uploaded). These arrays are typically a derivative of the Texas Instruments DLP range of spatial light modulators. In this case, the angle of the MEMs mirrors is changed to deflect the beam.
A photodiode is often combined into a single component with an emitter of light, usually a light-emitting diode (LED), either to detect the presence of a mechanical obstruction to the beam (slotted optical switch) or to couple two digital or analog circuits while maintaining extremely high electrical isolation between them, often for safety ...