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It was established in 1975 as Optics News. [1] The magazine adopted a regular bimonthly publication schedule beginning in 1982 and transitioned to monthly publication in 1985. The name of the publication was changed to Optics & Photonics News in January 1990, [ 2 ] in light of the dramatic growth of photonics as a new discipline in the wake of ...
The company was founded in 1956 by His first chain store opened in 1978, and was the start of PEP Reef. [6] [7] Formerly known as PEP stores the company changed its name to Pepkor Limited in 1982 and PEP stores became a subsidiary company. [1] In 1998, Pepkor acquired Australian retailer Best & Less. [8]
An optical transistor, also known as an optical switch or a light valve, is a device that switches or amplifies optical signals.Light occurring on an optical transistor's input changes the intensity of light emitted from the transistor's output while output power is supplied by an additional optical source.
Unlike electronic integration where silicon is the dominant material, system photonic integrated circuits have been fabricated from a variety of material systems, including electro-optic crystals such as lithium niobate, silica on silicon, silicon on insulator, various polymers, and semiconductor materials which are used to make semiconductor lasers such as GaAs and InP.
A further array-based switch engine uses an array of individual reflective MEMS mirrors to perform the necessary beam steering (Figure 5 [5] (to be uploaded). These arrays are typically a derivative of the Texas Instruments DLP range of spatial light modulators. In this case, the angle of the MEMs mirrors is changed to deflect the beam.
Advanced Photonics is a peer-reviewed open access scientific journal published bimonthly by SPIE and Chinese Laser Press. It covers fundamental and applied research in optics and photonics . It was established in 2019 and the editors-in-chief are Xiao-Cong Yuan ( Shenzhen University ) and Anatoly Zayats ( King's College London ).
Silicon photonics has been used in artificial intelligence inference processors that are more energy efficient than those using conventional transistors. This can be done using Mach-Zehnder interferometers (MZIs) which can be combined with nanoelectromechanical systems to modulate the light passing though it, by physically bending the MZI which ...
PEP is a multinational retail company based in Cape Town, South Africa. Founded in 1965, PEP operated in 11 countries in Southern Africa with the opening of an outlet in Lobito, Angola in November 2008. [2] As of November 2009, the company reported over 1400 stores in operation, with total employment equalling 14,000 employees. It also owns and ...