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  2. Theories of taxation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theories_of_taxation

    Specific utility taxes - in this case, certain services are provided on a utility basis and consumers are charged fees, user charges, or tolls. Taxes instead of fees - In cases where direct fees are costly to impose, a tax on the free product can be used instead of fees. For example, taxes can be used in lieu of tolls on automobiles.

  3. Tax withholding - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tax_withholding

    Tax withholding, also known as tax retention, pay-as-you-earn tax or tax deduction at source, is income tax paid to the government by the payer of the income rather than by the recipient of the income. The tax is thus withheld or deducted from the income due to the recipient. In most jurisdictions, tax withholding applies to employment income.

  4. Tax deduction at source - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tax_deduction_at_source

    Tax deduction at source (TDS) has come into existence with the motive of collecting tax from different sources of income. As per this concept, a person (Payer) who is responsible to make payment of specified nature to any other person (Payee) shall deduct tax at source before making payment to such person (Payee) and remit the same into the account of the Central Government.

  5. List of taxes - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_taxes

    Tax Farming is where a government grants persons the right to collect taxes and turn them over to the government. Tax holiday is a policy where certain taxes are not collected for a period of time. Tax-free shopping is a policy where visitors to a country can get their sales taxes or other taxes refunded.

  6. Financial transaction tax - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Financial_transaction_tax

    Revenue is pro-cyclical with economic activity. In terms of GDP and total tax revenue, the highest values were reached during the dot.com boom years around the end of the 20th century, notably in 2000–01. In 2007–08, SDRT generated €5.37 billion in revenue (compared to 0.72 billion of the standard stamp duty).

  7. Automated Payment Transaction tax - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automated_Payment...

    The Automated Payment Transaction (APT) tax is a small, uniform tax on all economic transactions, which would involve simplification, base broadening, reductions in marginal tax rates, the elimination of tax and information returns and the automatic collection of tax revenues at the payment source.

  8. Glossary of economics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_economics

    Also called resource cost advantage. The ability of a party (whether an individual, firm, or country) to produce a greater quantity of a good, product, or service than competitors using the same amount of resources. absorption The total demand for all final marketed goods and services by all economic agents resident in an economy, regardless of the origin of the goods and services themselves ...

  9. Tax revenue - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tax_revenue

    Taxation is the primary source of government revenue. Revenue may be extracted from sources such as individuals, public enterprises, trade, royalties on natural resources and/or foreign aid. An inefficient collection of taxes is greater in countries characterized by poverty, a large agricultural sector and large amounts of foreign aid. [1]