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A graphical representation of the expansion of the universe from the Big Bang to the present day, with the inflationary epoch represented as the dramatic expansion seen on the left. This visualization shows only a section of the universe; the empty space outside the diagram should not be taken to represent empty space outside the universe ...
The earliest and most direct observational evidence of the validity of the theory are the expansion of the universe according to Hubble's law (as indicated by the redshifts of galaxies), discovery and measurement of the cosmic microwave background and the relative abundances of light elements produced by Big Bang nucleosynthesis (BBN).
For example, w = 0 describes a matter-dominated universe, where the pressure is negligible with respect to the mass density. From the generic solution one easily sees that in a matter-dominated universe the scale factor goes as a ( t ) ∝ t 2 / 3 {\displaystyle a(t)\propto t^{2/3}} matter-dominated Another important example is the case of a ...
Space has fascinated humanity for centuries – from the mystery of the stars to the groundbreaking discoveries that push the boundaries of our understanding.
The solution is an expanding universe; due to this expansion, the radiation and matter in the universe cool and become diluted. At first, the expansion is slowed down by gravitation attracting the radiation and matter in the universe. However, as these become diluted, the cosmological constant becomes more dominant and the expansion of the ...
[2]: 62, [3]: 61 The most commonly accepted solution among cosmologists is cosmic inflation, the idea that the universe went through a brief period of extremely rapid expansion in the first fraction of a second after the Big Bang; along with the monopole problem and the horizon problem, the flatness problem is one of the three primary ...
Here is an example of derivation of the BGV theorem for an expanding homogeneous isotropic flat universe (in units of speed of light c=1). [6] Which is consistent with ΛCDM model, the current model of cosmology. However, this derivation can be generalized to an arbitrary space-time with no appeal to homogeneity or isotropy. [6]
As we continue the search for evidence of dark energy, one scientist proposes a radical new idea about what's going on in the cosmos.