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  2. Lift-to-drag ratio - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lift-to-drag_ratio

    In aerodynamics, the lift-to-drag ratio (or L/D ratio) is the lift generated by an aerodynamic body such as an aerofoil or aircraft, divided by the aerodynamic drag caused by moving through air. It describes the aerodynamic efficiency under given flight conditions. The L/D ratio for any given body will vary according to these flight conditions.

  3. Vortex lift - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vortex_lift

    Four basic configurations which have used vortex lift are, in chronological order, the 60-degree delta wing; the ogive delta wing with its sharply-swept leading edge at the root; the moderately-swept wing with a leading-edge extension, which is known as a hybrid wing; and the sharp-edge forebody, or vortex-lift strake. [7] Wings which generate ...

  4. Lift coefficient - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lift_coefficient

    A lifting body is a foil or a complete foil-bearing body such as a fixed-wing aircraft. C L is a function of the angle of the body to the flow, its Reynolds number and its Mach number. The section lift coefficient c l refers to the dynamic lift characteristics of a two-dimensional foil section, with the reference area replaced by the foil chord ...

  5. Lift-induced drag - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lift-induced_drag

    Lift-induced drag, induced drag, vortex drag, or sometimes drag due to lift, in aerodynamics, is an aerodynamic drag force that occurs whenever a moving object redirects the airflow coming at it. This drag force occurs in airplanes due to wings or a lifting body redirecting air to cause lift and also in cars with airfoil wings that redirect air ...

  6. Canard (aeronautics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canard_(aeronautics)

    A Saab 37 Viggen, the first modern canard aircraft to go into production. In aeronautics, a canard is a wing configuration in which a small forewing or foreplane is placed forward of the main wing of a fixed-wing aircraft or a weapon. The term "canard" may be used to describe the aircraft itself, the wing configuration, or the foreplane.

  7. Lifting-line theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lifting-line_theory

    The Lanchester-Prandtl lifting-line theory [1] is a mathematical model in aerodynamics that predicts lift distribution over a three-dimensional wing from the wing's geometry. [2] The theory was expressed independently [ 3 ] by Frederick W. Lanchester in 1907, [ 4 ] and by Ludwig Prandtl in 1918–1919 [ 5 ] after working with Albert Betz and ...

  8. Wing configuration - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wing_configuration

    A tandem wing design has two wings, one behind the other: see Tailplanes and foreplanes below. Some early types had tandem stacks of multiple planes, such as the nine-wing Caproni Ca.60 flying boat with three triplane stacks in tandem. A cruciform wing is a set of four individual wings arranged in the shape of a cross. The cross may take either ...

  9. Wingtip vortices - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wingtip_vortices

    When a wing generates aerodynamic lift, it results in a region of downwash between the two vortices. [3] [2]: 8.1.1 [4] Three-dimensional lift and the occurrence of wingtip vortices can be approached with the concept of horseshoe vortex and described accurately with the Lanchester–Prandtl theory.