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  2. Backpropagation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Backpropagation

    In machine learning, backpropagation [1] is a gradient estimation method commonly used for training a neural network to compute its parameter updates.. It is an efficient application of the chain rule to neural networks.

  3. Backpropagation through time - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Backpropagation_through_time

    Back_Propagation_Through_Time(a, y) // a[t] is the input at time t. y[t] is the output Unfold the network to contain k instances of f do until stopping criterion is met: x := the zero-magnitude vector // x is the current context for t from 0 to n − k do // t is time. n is the length of the training sequence Set the network inputs to x, a[t ...

  4. Mathematics of artificial neural networks - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathematics_of_artificial...

    Networks such as the previous one are commonly called feedforward, because their graph is a directed acyclic graph. Networks with cycles are commonly called recurrent. Such networks are commonly depicted in the manner shown at the top of the figure, where is shown as dependent upon itself. However, an implied temporal dependence is not shown.

  5. Delta rule - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delta_rule

    Main page; Contents; Current events; Random article; About Wikipedia; Contact us; Help; Learn to edit; Community portal; Recent changes; Upload file

  6. Rprop - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rprop

    Rprop, short for resilient backpropagation, is a learning heuristic for supervised learning in feedforward artificial neural networks. This is a first-order optimization algorithm. This algorithm was created by Martin Riedmiller and Heinrich Braun in 1992. [1]

  7. Neural backpropagation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neural_backpropagation

    Neural backpropagation is the phenomenon in which, after the action potential of a neuron creates a voltage spike down the axon (normal propagation), another impulse is generated from the soma and propagates towards the apical portions of the dendritic arbor or dendrites (from which much of the original input current originated).

  8. Backpropagation through structure - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Backpropagation_through...

    Backpropagation through structure (BPTS) is a gradient-based technique for training recursive neural networks, proposed in a 1996 paper written by Christoph Goller and Andreas Küchler. [ 1 ] References

  9. Almeida–Pineda recurrent backpropagation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Almeida–Pineda_recurrent...

    Almeida–Pineda recurrent backpropagation is an extension to the backpropagation algorithm that is applicable to recurrent neural networks. It is a type of supervised learning . It was described somewhat cryptically in Richard Feynman 's senior thesis, and rediscovered independently in the context of artificial neural networks by both Fernando ...