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Linear Pricing Schedule - A pricing schedule in which there is a fixed price per unit, such that where total price paid is represented by T(q), quantity is represented by q and price per unit is represented by a constant p, T(q) = pq [1]
All units produced are sold (there is no ending finished goods inventory). When a company sells more than one type of product, the product mix (the ratio of each product to total sales) will remain constant. The components of CVP analysis are: Level or volume of activity. Unit selling prices; Variable cost per unit; Total fixed costs
The average price per unit can be driven upward by a rise in unit prices, or by an increase in the unit shares of higher-priced SKUs, or by a combination of the two. An 'average' price metric that is not sensitive to changes in SKU shares is the price per statistical unit. [1] Price per statistical unit. Price per Statistical Unit ($) = Total ...
If the firm is a perfect competitor in all input markets, and thus the per-unit prices of all its inputs are unaffected by how much of the inputs the firm purchases, then it can be shown that at a particular level of output, the firm has economies of scale (i.e., is operating in a downward sloping region of the long-run average cost curve) if ...
l is the amount of labour hours required to make one unit of finished goods; λ is the labour cost (rate) per hour. The variable overhead cost of sales = nq where n is the variable overhead cost per unit. This is not here subdivided between quantity per finished goods units and cost per unit. Thus the variable cost v * q can now be elaborated into:
Gross margin can be expressed as a percentage or in total financial terms. If the latter, it can be reported on a per-unit basis or on a per-period basis for a business. "Margin (on sales) is the difference between selling price and cost. This difference is typically expressed either as a percentage of selling price or on a per-unit basis.
Contribution margin (CM), or dollar contribution per unit, is the selling price per unit minus the variable cost per unit. "Contribution" represents the portion of sales revenue that is not consumed by variable costs and so contributes to the coverage of fixed costs. This concept is one of the key building blocks of break-even analysis. [1]
By inserting different prices into the formula, you will obtain a number of break-even points, one for each possible price charged. If the firm changes the selling price for its product, from $2 to $2.30, in the example above, then it would have to sell only 1000/(2.3 - 0.6)= 589 units to break even, rather than 715.