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It is used primarily in the evaluation of menisci, cruciate ligaments, articular cartilage, and loose body within a joint. Fluoroscopic allows general view of the medial, lateral, and patellofemoral ligaments of the joint, overall cartilage thickness, focal defects, imbibition (absorption} of contrast material into the articular cartilage (a sign of cartilage fibrillation - splaying and ...
Articular cartilage stem cell paste grafting was initially described by Kevin R. Stone M.D., a San Francisco-based orthopedic surgeon, in 1997 . The technique was devised in response to reports that many of the contemporary cartilage restoration procedures lead to the development of fibrocartilage, not true hyaline articular cartilage. Knowing ...
This short-term solution is not considered as an articular cartilage repair procedure but rather a palliative treatment to reduce pain, mechanical restriction and inflammation. Lavage focuses on removing degenerative articular cartilage flaps and fibrous tissue. The main target groups are patients with very small defects of the articular cartilage.
Articular cartilage, most notably that which is found in the knee joint, is generally characterized by very low friction, high wear resistance, and poor regenerative qualities. It is responsible for much of the compressive resistance and load bearing qualities of the knee joint and, without it, walking is painful to impossible.
The graft is normally taken from the injured knee, but in some circumstances, such as a second operation, the other knee may be used. The middle third of the tendon is used, with bone fragments removed on each end. The graft is then threaded through holes drilled in the tibia and femur, and screwed into place.
Autologous articular cartilage transfer from a non-weight-bearing area to the damaged area, called osteochondral autograft transfer system, is one possible procedure that is being studied. [140] When the missing cartilage is a focal defect, autologous chondrocyte implantation is also an option. [141]
Arthroscopy (also called arthroscopic or keyhole surgery) is a minimally invasive surgical procedure on a joint in which an examination and sometimes treatment of damage is performed using an arthroscope, an endoscope that is inserted into the joint through a small incision.
They reported a case study in which a full-thickness defect in the articular cartilage of a human knee was successfully repaired. [23] While the use of cultured mesenchymal stem cells has shown promising results, a more recent study using uncultured MSC's has resulted in full-thickness, histologically confirmed hyaline cartilage regrowth.