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Homeobox genes encode homeodomain protein products that are transcription factors sharing a characteristic protein fold structure that binds DNA to regulate expression of target genes. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] [ 2 ] Homeodomain proteins regulate gene expression and cell differentiation during early embryonic development, thus mutations in homeobox genes can ...
Rax (Retina and Anterior Neural Fold Homeobox) is a gene in the OAR (Otx, Arx,& Rax) subgroup of the paired-like homeodomain family of transcription factors. Discovered in 1997, [8] the Rax gene is known to contribute to the development of the retina, hypothalamus, pineal gland and pituitary gland. [9]
Iroquois-class homeodomain protein IRX-1, also known as Iroquois homeobox protein 1, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IRX1 gene. [ 5 ] [ 6 ] All members of the Iroquois (IRO) family of proteins share two highly conserved features, encoding both a homeodomain and a characteristic IRO sequence motif . [ 7 ]
Homeodomain proteins are transcription factors that share a DNA-binding domain called the homeodomain. [1] Changes in the expression and function of homeotic genes are responsible for the changes in the morphology of the limbs of arthropods as well as in the axial skeletons of vertebrates.
ZEB2 (previously also known as SMADIP1, SIP1) and its mammalian paralog ZEB1 belongs to the Zeb family within the ZF (zinc finger) class of homeodomain transcription factors. ZEB2 protein has 8 zinc fingers and 1 homeodomain. [7] The structure of the homeodomain shown on the right. ZEB2 interacts with receptor-mediated, activated full-length ...
The Lim gene family is a subfamily of homeobox genes. [7] The homeobox genes are essential in organizing the body plan of an organism and all contain the same conserved homeodomain of amino acids. [8] Evidence that Lim-1 is essential to a developing organism is its conservation throughout evolution and presence in a variety of organisms. [7]
engrailed is a homeodomain transcription factor [1] involved in many aspects of multicellular development. First known for its role in arthropod embryological development, working in consort with the Hox genes, engrailed has been found to be important in other areas of development.
The protein product of each Hox gene is a transcription factor. Each Hox gene contains a well-conserved DNA sequence known as the homeobox, of which the term "Hox" was originally a contraction. However, in current usage the term Hox is no longer equivalent to homeobox, because Hox genes are not the only genes to possess a homeobox sequence; for ...