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Prentice's rule is a formula to calculate the amount of prism correction in a lens based on decentration and lens power. It can be used for prescribing, tolerance control, or determining unprescribed prism in eyeglasses.
Learn about the different types of optical prisms, such as dispersive, reflective, beam-splitting and polarizing prisms, and how they refract, reflect or split light. Find out how prisms are made of transparent materials like glass, acrylic or fluorite, and how they can create spectra, images or polarizations.
Upside down goggles are optical instruments that invert the image received by the retinas upside down. They are used to study human visual perception, adaptation, motion sickness, and spatial abilities.
The prism cover test (PCT) is an objective method to measure ocular misalignment or strabismus. It involves using prism bars, occluder and targets to neutralise the deviation and record the angle and base of the prism.
The Hirschberg test, also known as the Hirschberg corneal reflex test, is a method to assess ocular misalignment by observing the light reflex on the cornea. It can detect exotropia, esotropia, hypertropia or hypotropia and is used in optometry and ophthalmology.
Learn how to perform and interpret the Bagolini striated glasses test, a clinical test to detect binocular functions and strabismus. See the equipment, principles, indications, method, results and advantages of this test.
Learn about the origins and development of optics from ancient times to modern days. Find out who are the pioneers of geometrical optics, physical optics, and modern optics, and what are their contributions and discoveries.
The prismatic lenses of the belay glasses are arranged so as to bend light from above through total internal reflection into the observer's eye, allowing the belayer to observe the climber while maintaining a comfortable head/neck position. The design based on the eyeglasses frame provides for a split field of vision: