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1985 to 1987 – The Therac-25 was a radiation therapy machine produced by Atomic Energy of Canada Limited (AECL). It is known to be responsible for six accidents between 1985 and 1987, in which patients were given massive overdoses of radiation, which were in some cases on the order of hundreds of grays.
A nuclear and radiation accident is defined by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) as "an event that has led to significant consequences to people, the environment or the facility." Examples include lethal effects to individuals, large radioactivity release to the environment, or a reactor core melt. [ 6 ]
13. Radiotherapy accident in Costa Rica. 1996. 114 patients received an overdose of radiation from a cobalt-60 source that was being used for radiotherapy. [ 13 ]: 299, 303. 11. Radiotherapy accident in Zaragoza, Spain. 1990 December. Cancer patients receiving radiotherapy; 11 fatalities and 27 patients were injured.
2011 Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster. 2001 Instituto Oncologico Nacional radiotherapy accident. 2000 Samut Prakan radiation accident, Thailand. [3] 1999 and 1997 Tokaimura nuclear accidents. 1996 San Juan de Dios radiotherapy accident. 1994 Theft of radioactive material in Tammiku, Estonia.
August 10, 1985 – Soviet submarine K-431 accident. Ten fatalities and 49 other people suffered radiation injuries. [16] April 26, 1986 – Chernobyl disaster. See below in the section on Ukraine. In 1986, the Ukrainian SSR was part of the Soviet Union. 1 November 2006 – assassination of Alexander Litvinenko by exposure to Polonium-210.
Globally, there have been at least 99 (civilian and military) recorded nuclear power plant accidents from 1952 to 2009 (defined as incidents that either resulted in the loss of human life or more than US$50,000 of property damage, the amount the US federal government uses to define nuclear energy accidents that must be reported), totaling US$20.5 billion in property damages.
According to a 2010 survey of energy accidents, there have been at least 56 accidents at nuclear reactors in the United States (defined as incidents that either resulted in the loss of human life or more than US$50,000 of property damage). The most serious of these was the Three Mile Island accident in 1979.
The International Nuclear and Radiological Event Scale (INES) was introduced in 1990 [1] by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) in order to enable prompt communication of safety significant information in case of nuclear accidents. The scale is intended to be logarithmic, similar to the moment magnitude scale that is used to describe ...