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The Spirit of Law (French: De l'esprit des lois, originally spelled De l'esprit des loix [1]), also known in English as The Spirit of [the] Laws, is a treatise on political theory, as well as a pioneering work in comparative law by Montesquieu, published in 1748. [2]
Montesquieu extensively compares the Roman civilisation to other civilisations, usually its enemies (including Carthage, Greece, and Macedon), throughout the course of the book. In Chapters I to X, Montesquieu postulates that the wealth, military might and expansionist policies, which were by most historical accounts a source of great strength ...
Château de la Brède, Montesquieu's birthplace. Montesquieu was born at the Château de la Brède in southwest France, 25 kilometres (16 mi) south of Bordeaux. [4] His father, Jacques de Secondat (1654–1713), was a soldier with a long noble ancestry, including descent from Richard de la Pole, Yorkist claimant to the English crown.
Montesquieu. Charles de Montesquieu (France, 1689–1755) In The Spirit of Law, Montesquieu expounded the separation of powers in government and society. In government, Montesquieu encouraged division into the now standard legislative, judicial and executive branches; in society, he perceived a natural organization into king, the people and the ...
List of ethicists including religious or political figures recognized by those outside their tradition as having made major contributions to ideas about ethics, or raised major controversies by taking strong positions on previously unexplored problems.
Holmes Rolston III, Environmental Ethics: Duties to and Values in the Natural World, 1988; Shelly Kagan, The Limits of Morality, 1989; Allan Gibbard, Wise Choices, Apt Feelings: A Theory Of Normative Judgment, 1990; Joan Tronto, Moral Boundaries: A Political Argument for an Ethic of Care, 1993; Annette Baier, Moral Prejudices: Essays on Ethics ...
Charles Taylor (born 1931). Political philosophy, Philosophy of Social Science, and Intellectual History. John Searle (born 1932). Direct realism. Alvin Plantinga (born 1932). Reformed epistemology, Philosophy of Religion. Jerry Fodor (1935–2017). Alain Badiou (born 1937). Thomas Nagel (born 1937). Qualia theory. Robert Nozick (1938–2002 ...
Helvétius' philosophical studies ended in the production of his famous book De l'esprit (On Mind). It was first published in 1758 and was intended to be the rival of Montesquieu's The Spirit of the Laws, with Helvétius arguing strongly against Montesquieu's theory that climate influenced the character of nations.