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2. Code of Hammurabi - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Code_of_Hammurabi

   Code of Hammurabi at Wikisource. The Code of Hammurabi is a Babylonian legal text composed during 1755–1750 BC. It is the longest, best-organized, and best-preserved legal text from the ancient Near East. It is written in the Old Babylonian dialect of Akkadian, purportedly by Hammurabi, sixth king of the First Dynasty of Babylon.

3. Eye for an eye - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eye_for_an_eye

   For other uses, see Mirror punishment, Eye for an eye (disambiguation), and Lex talionis (disambiguation). " An eye for an eye " (Biblical Hebrew: עַיִן תַּחַת עַיִן, ʿayīn taḥaṯ ʿayīn) [ a ] is a commandment found in the Book of Exodus 21:23–27 expressing the principle of reciprocal justice measure for measure.

4. Hammurabi - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hammurabi

   Hammurabi (/ ˌxæmʊˈrɑːbi /; Old Babylonian Akkadian: 𒄩𒄠𒈬𒊏𒁉, romanized:Ḫâmmurapi; [ a ]c.1810 – c. 1750 BC), also spelled Hammurapi, [ 3 ][ 4 ] was the sixth Amorite king of the Old Babylonian Empire, reigning from c.1792 to c.1750 BC. He was preceded by his father, Sin-Muballit, who abdicated due to failing health.

5. Code of Ur-Nammu - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Code_of_Ur-Nammu

   The Code of Ur-Nammu is the oldest known law code surviving today. It is from Mesopotamia and is written on tablets, in the Sumerian language c. 2100–2050 BCE. It contains strong statements of royal power like "I eliminated enmity, violence, and cries for justice." [1]

6. Babylonian law - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Babylonian_law

   Babylonian law is a subset of cuneiform law that has received particular study due to the large amount of archaeological material that has been found for it. So-called "contracts" exist in the thousands, including a great variety of deeds, conveyances, bonds, receipts, accounts, and most important of all, actual legal decisions given by the judges in the law courts.

7. Deuteronomic Code - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deuteronomic_Code

   The Deuteronomic Code is the name given by academics to the law code set out in chapters 12 to 26 of the Book of Deuteronomy in the Hebrew Bible. [1] The code outlines a special relationship between the Israelites and Yahweh [2] and provides instructions covering "a variety of topics including religious ceremonies and ritual purity, civil and criminal law, and the conduct of war". [1]

8. Talmudic academies in Babylonia - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talmudic_Academies_in...

   The history of the Jews in Babylonia is largely unknown for the four centuries covering the period from Ezra (c. 5th century BCE) [7] to Hillel the Elder (traditionally c. 110 BCE – 10 CE); and the history of the succeeding two centuries, from Hillel to Judah the Prince (fl. 2nd century CE), furnishes only a few scanty items on the state of learning among the Babylonian Jews.

9. Alexander Heidel - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_Heidel

   The book consists of four chapters. Chapter 1 outlines the discovery of the Enuma Elish, its purpose, date, source and structure, followed by a literal translation; chapter 2 gives translations of the other Babylonian and Mesopotamian creation accounts as known at the time; chapter 3 treats the accounts of Babylonian creation stories preserved ...