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Hard problem of consciousness. In the philosophy of mind, the hard problem of consciousness is to explain why and how humans and other organisms have qualia, phenomenal consciousness, or subjective experience. [1][2] It is contrasted with the "easy problems" of explaining why and how physical systems give a (healthy) human being the ability to ...
t. e. Vasubandhu (traditional Chinese: 世親 ; ; pinyin: Shìqīn; Tibetan: དབྱིག་གཉེན་ Wylie: dbyig gnyen; fl. 4th to 5th century CE) was an influential Indian Buddhist monk and scholar. [ 1 ] He was a philosopher who wrote commentary on the Abhidharma, from the perspectives of the Sarvastivada and Sautrāntika schools.
Jain philosophy. Jain philosophy or Jaina philosophy refers to the ancient Indian philosophical system of the Jain religion. [ 1 ] It comprises all the philosophical investigations and systems of inquiry that developed among the early branches of Jainism in ancient India following the parinirvāṇa of Mahāvīra (c.5th century BCE). [ 1 ]
The caste problem is a vast one, both theoretically and practically. Practically, it is an institution that portends tremendous consequences. It is a local problem, but one capable of much wider mischief, for "as long as caste in India does exist, Hindus will hardly intermarry or have any social intercourse with outsiders; and if Hindus migrate ...
Pratītyasamutpāda has been translated into English as dependent origination, dependent arising, interdependent co-arising, conditioned arising, and conditioned genesis. [ 31 ][ 16 ] note 3. Jeffrey Hopkins notes that terms synonymous to pratītyasamutpāda are apekṣasamutpāda and prāpyasamutpāda. 37.
Buddhist philosophy was founded by Gautama Buddha (c. 563–483 BCE). Sikh philosophy was developed by Guru Gobind Singh (c. 1666–1708 CE). Indian philosophy consists of philosophical traditions of the Indian subcontinent. The philosophies are often called darśana meaning, "to see" or "looking at."
Sri Aurobindo (born Aurobindo Ghose; 15 August 1872 – 5 December 1950) was an Indian philosopher, yogi, maharishi, poet, and Indian nationalist. [ 3 ] He was also a journalist, editing newspapers such as Bande Mataram. [ 4 ] He joined the Indian movement for independence from British colonial rule, until 1910 was one of its influential ...
Samkhya or Sankhya (/ ˈsɑːŋkjə /; Sanskrit: सांख्य, romanized:sāṃkhya) is a dualistic orthodox school of Hindu philosophy. [ 1 ][ 2 ][ 3 ] It views reality as composed of two independent principles, Puruṣa (' consciousness ' or spirit) and Prakṛti (nature or matter, including the human mind and emotions).