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2. Chromosome segregation - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromosome_segregation

   Chromosome segregation is the process in eukaryotes by which two sister chromatids formed as a consequence of DNA replication, or paired homologous chromosomes, separate from each other and migrate to opposite poles of the nucleus. This segregation process occurs during both mitosis and meiosis. Chromosome segregation also occurs in prokaryotes.

3. Boveri–Sutton chromosome theory - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boveri–Sutton_chromosome...

   The Boveri–Sutton chromosome theory (also known as the chromosome theory of inheritance or the Sutton–Boveri theory) is a fundamental unifying theory of genetics which identifies chromosomes as the carriers of genetic material. [1][2][3] It correctly explains the mechanism underlying the laws of Mendelian inheritance by identifying ...

4. Chromosomal crossover - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromosomal_crossover

   Chromosomal crossover, or crossing over, is the exchange of genetic material during sexual reproduction between two homologous chromosomes ' non-sister chromatids that results in recombinant chromosomes. It is one of the final phases of genetic recombination, which occurs in the pachytene stage of prophase I of meiosis during a process called ...

5. Kinetochore - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinetochore

   A kinetochore (/ kɪˈnɛtəkɔːr /, /- ˈniːtəkɔːr /) is a disc-shaped protein structure associated with duplicated chromatids in eukaryotic cells where the spindle fibers attach during cell division to pull sister chromatids apart. [ 1 ] The kinetochore assembles on the centromere and links the chromosome to microtubule polymers from the ...

6. Chromatin remodeling - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromatin_remodeling

   Chromatin remodeling is the dynamic modification of chromatin architecture to allow access of condensed genomic DNA to the regulatory transcription machinery proteins, and thereby control gene expression. Such remodeling is principally carried out by 1) covalent histone modifications by specific enzymes, e.g., histone acetyltransferases (HATs ...

7. Chiasma (genetics) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chiasma_(genetics)

   Crossing over during meiosis, with chiasma shown. In genetics, a chiasma (pl.: chiasmata) is the point of contact, the physical link, between two (non-sister) chromatids belonging to homologous chromosomes. At a given chiasma, an exchange of genetic material can occur between both chromatids, what is called a chromosomal crossover, but this is ...