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Balkan folk music is the traditional folk music within Balkan region. In South Slavic languages , it is known as narodna muzika ( народна музика ) or folk muzika ( фолк музика ) in Bulgarian , Macedonian , and Serbo-Croatian , and alternatively narodna glazba in standard Croatian , and narodna glasba in Slovene .
Greek folk music includes Demotika, Cretan and Nisiotika, Pontian, Laiko and Rebetiko.Greek music developed around the Balkans as a synthesis of elements of the music of the various areas of the Greek mainland and the Greek islands, with Greek Orthodox ecclesiastical chant, and a reference to music of Crete and Byzantine music.
Iso-Polyphony (Albanian: Iso-polifonia) is a traditional part of Albanian folk music and, as such, is included in UNESCO's intangible cultural heritage list. [1] Albanian Iso-Polyphony is considered to have its roots in the many-voiced vajtim, the southern Albanian traditional lamentation of the dead.
Musician Pat MacSwyney suggests [unreliable source?] that the kaval spread with the Yoruks from the Taurus mountains of southern Anatolia into the southern Balkans of southeast Europe. While in the past it was almost entirely a shepherd's instrument, today it is widely used in folk songs and dances as part of ensembles or solo.
In European folk music, such asymmetrical rhythms are commonly used in Bulgaria, Greece, elsewhere in the Balkans, and less commonly in Norway and Sweden. The most important state-supported folk ensemble of the socialist era was the Sofia-based State Ensemble for Folk Songs and Dances, founded in 1951 and led by Philip Koutev.
The music of the Balkans is known for complex rhythms. Macedonian music exemplifies this trait. Folk songs like "Pomnish li, libe Todoro" (Помниш ли, либе Тодоро) can have rhythms as complex as 22/16, divided by stanza to 2+2+3+2+2+3+2+2+2+2, a combination of the two common meters 11=2+2+3+2+2 and 11=3+2+2+2+2 (sheet music).
Bosniak from Sarajevo with a Šargija, 1906. The šargija (Serbo-Croatian: šargija, шаргија; Albanian: sharki or sharkia), anglicized as shargia, is a plucked, fretted long necked lute used in the folk music of various Balkan countries, including Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serbia, Albania, Kosovo and North Macedonia. [1]
Čalgija or Chalgiya (Bulgarian language: Чалгия) is a Bulgarian music genre, which also is a subgenre of the old urban traditional folk music (starogradska muzika) of Bulgaria. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ]