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Indonesian Arabic (Arabic: العربية الاندونيسية, romanized: al-‘Arabiyya al-Indūnīsiyya, Indonesian: Bahasa Arab Indonesia) is a variety of Arabic spoken in Indonesia. It is primarily spoken by people of Arab descents and by students ( santri ) who study Arabic at Islamic educational institutions or pesantren .
Iqro (Arabic: اقرأ, romanized: iqraʾ, lit. 'Read!'; full title: Buku Iqro': Cara Cepat Belajar Membaca Al-Qur’an, "Iqro Book: A Fast Way to Learn to Read the Quran") is a textbook used in Indonesia and Malaysia for learning Arabic letters and pronunciation.
Arab dialectologists have now adopted a more detailed classification for modern variants of the language, which is divided into five major groups: Peninsular, Mesopotamian, Levantine, Egypto-Sudanic or Nile Valley (including Egyptian and Sudanese), and Maghrebi. [2] [10] These large regional groups do not correspond to borders of modern states.
Modern Standard Arabic is also spoken by people of Arab descent outside the Arab world when people of Arab descent speaking different dialects communicate to each other. As there is a prestige or standard dialect of vernacular Arabic, speakers of standard colloquial dialects code-switch between these particular dialects and MSA. [citation needed]
The chart below explains how Wikipedia represents Modern Standard Arabic pronunciations with the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA). Wikipedia also has specific charts for Egyptian Arabic, Hejazi Arabic, Lebanese Arabic, and Tunisian Arabic.
Literacy rate is higher among the youth than adults. Youth literacy rate (ages 15–24) in the Arab region increased from 63.9 to 76.3% from 1990 to 2002. The average rate of GCC States Cooperation Council for the Arab States of the Gulf (GCC) was 94%, followed by the Maghreb at 83.2% and the Mashriq at 73.6%.
This factor helped their language survive in a multilingual milieu until the 20th century. By the 1880s many Arab pastoralists had migrated to northern Afghanistan from what is now Uzbekistan and Tajikistan following the Russian conquest of Central Asia. These Arabs nowadays speak no Arabic, having adapted to Dari and Uzbek.
Lughat Al Arab (Arabic: لغة العرب, lit. 'The Language of the Arabs') was a monthly linguistic and history magazine which was published in Baghdad between 1911 and 1931 with a twelve-year interruption.